doc-src/TutorialI/Sets/Examples.thy
author paulson
Thu, 11 Jan 2001 11:35:39 +0100
changeset 10864 f0b0a125ae4b
parent 10341 6eb91805a012
child 12815 1f073030b97a
permissions -rw-r--r--
revisions corresponding to the new version of sets.tex
paulson@10341
     1
(* ID:         $Id$ *)
paulson@10294
     2
theory Examples = Main:
paulson@10294
     3
paulson@10294
     4
ML "reset eta_contract"
paulson@10294
     5
ML "Pretty.setmargin 64"
paulson@10294
     6
paulson@10294
     7
text{*membership, intersection *}
paulson@10294
     8
text{*difference and empty set*}
paulson@10294
     9
text{*complement, union and universal set*}
paulson@10294
    10
paulson@10294
    11
lemma "(x \<in> A \<inter> B) = (x \<in> A \<and> x \<in> B)"
paulson@10864
    12
by blast
paulson@10294
    13
paulson@10294
    14
text{*
paulson@10294
    15
@{thm[display] IntI[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    16
\rulename{IntI}
paulson@10294
    17
paulson@10294
    18
@{thm[display] IntD1[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    19
\rulename{IntD1}
paulson@10294
    20
paulson@10294
    21
@{thm[display] IntD2[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    22
\rulename{IntD2}
paulson@10294
    23
*}
paulson@10294
    24
paulson@10294
    25
lemma "(x \<in> -A) = (x \<notin> A)"
paulson@10864
    26
by blast
paulson@10294
    27
paulson@10294
    28
text{*
paulson@10294
    29
@{thm[display] Compl_iff[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    30
\rulename{Compl_iff}
paulson@10294
    31
*}
paulson@10294
    32
paulson@10294
    33
lemma "- (A \<union> B) = -A \<inter> -B"
paulson@10864
    34
by blast
paulson@10294
    35
paulson@10294
    36
text{*
paulson@10294
    37
@{thm[display] Compl_Un[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    38
\rulename{Compl_Un}
paulson@10294
    39
*}
paulson@10294
    40
paulson@10294
    41
lemma "A-A = {}"
paulson@10864
    42
by blast
paulson@10294
    43
paulson@10294
    44
text{*
paulson@10294
    45
@{thm[display] Diff_disjoint[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    46
\rulename{Diff_disjoint}
paulson@10294
    47
*}
paulson@10294
    48
paulson@10294
    49
  
paulson@10294
    50
paulson@10294
    51
lemma "A \<union> -A = UNIV"
paulson@10864
    52
by blast
paulson@10294
    53
paulson@10294
    54
text{*
paulson@10294
    55
@{thm[display] Compl_partition[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    56
\rulename{Compl_partition}
paulson@10294
    57
*}
paulson@10294
    58
paulson@10294
    59
text{*subset relation*}
paulson@10294
    60
paulson@10294
    61
paulson@10294
    62
text{*
paulson@10294
    63
@{thm[display] subsetI[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    64
\rulename{subsetI}
paulson@10294
    65
paulson@10294
    66
@{thm[display] subsetD[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    67
\rulename{subsetD}
paulson@10294
    68
*}
paulson@10294
    69
paulson@10294
    70
lemma "((A \<union> B) \<subseteq> C) = (A \<subseteq> C \<and> B \<subseteq> C)"
paulson@10864
    71
by blast
paulson@10294
    72
paulson@10294
    73
text{*
paulson@10294
    74
@{thm[display] Un_subset_iff[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
    75
\rulename{Un_subset_iff}
paulson@10294
    76
*}
paulson@10294
    77
paulson@10294
    78
lemma "(A \<subseteq> -B) = (B \<subseteq> -A)"
paulson@10864
    79
by blast
paulson@10294
    80
paulson@10294
    81
lemma "(A <= -B) = (B <= -A)"
paulson@10294
    82
  oops
paulson@10294
    83
paulson@10294
    84
text{*ASCII version: blast fails because of overloading because
paulson@10294
    85
 it doesn't have to be sets*}
paulson@10294
    86
paulson@10294
    87
lemma "((A:: 'a set) <= -B) = (B <= -A)"
paulson@10864
    88
by blast
paulson@10294
    89
paulson@10294
    90
text{*A type constraint lets it work*}
paulson@10294
    91
paulson@10294
    92
text{*An issue here: how do we discuss the distinction between ASCII and
paulson@10294
    93
X-symbol notation?  Here the latter disambiguates.*}
paulson@10294
    94
paulson@10294
    95
paulson@10294
    96
text{*
paulson@10294
    97
set extensionality
paulson@10294
    98
paulson@10294
    99
@{thm[display] set_ext[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   100
\rulename{set_ext}
paulson@10294
   101
paulson@10294
   102
@{thm[display] equalityI[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   103
\rulename{equalityI}
paulson@10294
   104
paulson@10294
   105
@{thm[display] equalityE[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   106
\rulename{equalityE}
paulson@10294
   107
*}
paulson@10294
   108
paulson@10294
   109
paulson@10294
   110
text{*finite sets: insertion and membership relation*}
paulson@10294
   111
text{*finite set notation*}
paulson@10294
   112
paulson@10294
   113
lemma "insert x A = {x} \<union> A"
paulson@10864
   114
by blast
paulson@10294
   115
paulson@10294
   116
text{*
paulson@10294
   117
@{thm[display] insert_is_Un[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   118
\rulename{insert_is_Un}
paulson@10294
   119
*}
paulson@10294
   120
paulson@10294
   121
lemma "{a,b} \<union> {c,d} = {a,b,c,d}"
paulson@10864
   122
by blast
paulson@10294
   123
paulson@10294
   124
lemma "{a,b} \<inter> {b,c} = {b}"
paulson@10864
   125
apply auto
paulson@10864
   126
oops
paulson@10294
   127
text{*fails because it isn't valid*}
paulson@10294
   128
paulson@10294
   129
lemma "{a,b} \<inter> {b,c} = (if a=c then {a,b} else {b})"
paulson@10864
   130
apply simp
paulson@10864
   131
by blast
paulson@10294
   132
paulson@10294
   133
text{*or just force or auto.  blast alone can't handle the if-then-else*}
paulson@10294
   134
paulson@10294
   135
text{*next: some comprehension examples*}
paulson@10294
   136
paulson@10294
   137
lemma "(a \<in> {z. P z}) = P a"
paulson@10864
   138
by blast
paulson@10294
   139
paulson@10294
   140
text{*
paulson@10294
   141
@{thm[display] mem_Collect_eq[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   142
\rulename{mem_Collect_eq}
paulson@10294
   143
*}
paulson@10294
   144
paulson@10294
   145
lemma "{x. x \<in> A} = A"
paulson@10864
   146
by blast
paulson@10294
   147
  
paulson@10294
   148
text{*
paulson@10294
   149
@{thm[display] Collect_mem_eq[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   150
\rulename{Collect_mem_eq}
paulson@10294
   151
*}
paulson@10294
   152
paulson@10294
   153
lemma "{x. P x \<or> x \<in> A} = {x. P x} \<union> A"
paulson@10864
   154
by blast
paulson@10294
   155
paulson@10294
   156
lemma "{x. P x \<longrightarrow> Q x} = -{x. P x} \<union> {x. Q x}"
paulson@10864
   157
by blast
paulson@10294
   158
paulson@10294
   159
constdefs
paulson@10294
   160
  prime   :: "nat set"
paulson@10294
   161
    "prime == {p. 1<p & (ALL m. m dvd p --> m=1 | m=p)}"
paulson@10294
   162
paulson@10294
   163
lemma "{p*q | p q. p\<in>prime \<and> q\<in>prime} = 
paulson@10294
   164
       {z. \<exists>p q. z = p*q \<and> p\<in>prime \<and> q\<in>prime}"
paulson@10864
   165
by (rule refl)
paulson@10294
   166
paulson@10294
   167
text{*binders*}
paulson@10294
   168
paulson@10294
   169
text{*bounded quantifiers*}
paulson@10294
   170
paulson@10294
   171
lemma "(\<exists>x\<in>A. P x) = (\<exists>x. x\<in>A \<and> P x)"
paulson@10864
   172
by blast
paulson@10294
   173
paulson@10294
   174
text{*
paulson@10294
   175
@{thm[display] bexI[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   176
\rulename{bexI}
paulson@10294
   177
*}
paulson@10294
   178
paulson@10294
   179
text{*
paulson@10294
   180
@{thm[display] bexE[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   181
\rulename{bexE}
paulson@10294
   182
*}
paulson@10294
   183
paulson@10294
   184
lemma "(\<forall>x\<in>A. P x) = (\<forall>x. x\<in>A \<longrightarrow> P x)"
paulson@10864
   185
by blast
paulson@10294
   186
paulson@10294
   187
text{*
paulson@10294
   188
@{thm[display] ballI[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   189
\rulename{ballI}
paulson@10294
   190
*}
paulson@10294
   191
paulson@10294
   192
text{*
paulson@10294
   193
@{thm[display] bspec[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   194
\rulename{bspec}
paulson@10294
   195
*}
paulson@10294
   196
paulson@10294
   197
text{*indexed unions and variations*}
paulson@10294
   198
paulson@10294
   199
lemma "(\<Union>x. B x) = (\<Union>x\<in>UNIV. B x)"
paulson@10864
   200
by blast
paulson@10294
   201
paulson@10294
   202
text{*
paulson@10294
   203
@{thm[display] UN_iff[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   204
\rulename{UN_iff}
paulson@10294
   205
*}
paulson@10294
   206
paulson@10294
   207
text{*
paulson@10294
   208
@{thm[display] Union_iff[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   209
\rulename{Union_iff}
paulson@10294
   210
*}
paulson@10294
   211
paulson@10294
   212
lemma "(\<Union>x\<in>A. B x) = {y. \<exists>x\<in>A. y \<in> B x}"
paulson@10864
   213
by blast
paulson@10294
   214
paulson@10294
   215
lemma "\<Union>S = (\<Union>x\<in>S. x)"
paulson@10864
   216
by blast
paulson@10294
   217
paulson@10294
   218
text{*
paulson@10294
   219
@{thm[display] UN_I[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   220
\rulename{UN_I}
paulson@10294
   221
*}
paulson@10294
   222
paulson@10294
   223
text{*
paulson@10294
   224
@{thm[display] UN_E[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   225
\rulename{UN_E}
paulson@10294
   226
*}
paulson@10294
   227
paulson@10294
   228
text{*indexed intersections*}
paulson@10294
   229
paulson@10294
   230
lemma "(\<Inter>x. B x) = {y. \<forall>x. y \<in> B x}"
paulson@10864
   231
by blast
paulson@10294
   232
paulson@10294
   233
text{*
paulson@10294
   234
@{thm[display] INT_iff[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   235
\rulename{INT_iff}
paulson@10294
   236
*}
paulson@10294
   237
paulson@10294
   238
text{*
paulson@10294
   239
@{thm[display] Inter_iff[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   240
\rulename{Inter_iff}
paulson@10294
   241
*}
paulson@10294
   242
paulson@10294
   243
text{*mention also card, Pow, etc.*}
paulson@10294
   244
paulson@10294
   245
paulson@10294
   246
text{*
paulson@10294
   247
@{thm[display] card_Un_Int[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   248
\rulename{card_Un_Int}
paulson@10294
   249
paulson@10294
   250
@{thm[display] card_Pow[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   251
\rulename{card_Pow}
paulson@10294
   252
paulson@10294
   253
@{thm[display] n_subsets[no_vars]}
paulson@10294
   254
\rulename{n_subsets}
paulson@10294
   255
*}
paulson@10294
   256
paulson@10294
   257
end