wenzelm@26767
|
1 |
(* $Id$ *)
|
wenzelm@26754
|
2 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
3 |
theory "syntax"
|
wenzelm@26754
|
4 |
imports CPure
|
wenzelm@26754
|
5 |
begin
|
wenzelm@26754
|
6 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
7 |
chapter {* Syntax primitives *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
8 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
9 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
10 |
The rather generic framework of Isabelle/Isar syntax emerges from
|
wenzelm@26754
|
11 |
three main syntactic categories: \emph{commands} of the top-level
|
wenzelm@26754
|
12 |
Isar engine (covering theory and proof elements), \emph{methods} for
|
wenzelm@26754
|
13 |
general goal refinements (analogous to traditional ``tactics''), and
|
wenzelm@26754
|
14 |
\emph{attributes} for operations on facts (within a certain
|
wenzelm@26754
|
15 |
context). Subsequently we give a reference of basic syntactic
|
wenzelm@26754
|
16 |
entities underlying Isabelle/Isar syntax in a bottom-up manner.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
17 |
Concrete theory and proof language elements will be introduced later
|
wenzelm@26754
|
18 |
on.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
19 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
20 |
\medskip In order to get started with writing well-formed
|
wenzelm@26754
|
21 |
Isabelle/Isar documents, the most important aspect to be noted is
|
wenzelm@26754
|
22 |
the difference of \emph{inner} versus \emph{outer} syntax. Inner
|
wenzelm@26754
|
23 |
syntax is that of Isabelle types and terms of the logic, while outer
|
wenzelm@26754
|
24 |
syntax is that of Isabelle/Isar theory sources (specifications and
|
wenzelm@26754
|
25 |
proofs). As a general rule, inner syntax entities may occur only as
|
wenzelm@26754
|
26 |
\emph{atomic entities} within outer syntax. For example, the string
|
wenzelm@26760
|
27 |
@{verbatim "\"x + y\""} and identifier @{verbatim z} are legal term
|
wenzelm@26760
|
28 |
specifications within a theory, while @{verbatim "x + y"} without
|
wenzelm@26760
|
29 |
quotes is not.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
30 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
31 |
Printed theory documents usually omit quotes to gain readability
|
wenzelm@26760
|
32 |
(this is a matter of {\LaTeX} macro setup, say via @{verbatim
|
wenzelm@26760
|
33 |
"\\isabellestyle"}, see also \cite{isabelle-sys}). Experienced
|
wenzelm@26754
|
34 |
users of Isabelle/Isar may easily reconstruct the lost technical
|
wenzelm@26754
|
35 |
information, while mere readers need not care about quotes at all.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
36 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
37 |
\medskip Isabelle/Isar input may contain any number of input
|
wenzelm@26760
|
38 |
termination characters ``@{verbatim ";"}'' (semicolon) to separate
|
wenzelm@26754
|
39 |
commands explicitly. This is particularly useful in interactive
|
wenzelm@26754
|
40 |
shell sessions to make clear where the current command is intended
|
wenzelm@26754
|
41 |
to end. Otherwise, the interpreter loop will continue to issue a
|
wenzelm@26760
|
42 |
secondary prompt ``@{verbatim "#"}'' until an end-of-command is
|
wenzelm@26760
|
43 |
clearly recognized from the input syntax, e.g.\ encounter of the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
44 |
next command keyword.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
45 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
46 |
More advanced interfaces such as Proof~General \cite{proofgeneral}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
47 |
do not require explicit semicolons, the amount of input text is
|
wenzelm@26754
|
48 |
determined automatically by inspecting the present content of the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
49 |
Emacs text buffer. In the printed presentation of Isabelle/Isar
|
wenzelm@26754
|
50 |
documents semicolons are omitted altogether for readability.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
51 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
52 |
\begin{warn}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
53 |
Proof~General requires certain syntax classification tables in
|
wenzelm@26754
|
54 |
order to achieve properly synchronized interaction with the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
55 |
Isabelle/Isar process. These tables need to be consistent with
|
wenzelm@26754
|
56 |
the Isabelle version and particular logic image to be used in a
|
wenzelm@26754
|
57 |
running session (common object-logics may well change the outer
|
wenzelm@26754
|
58 |
syntax). The standard setup should work correctly with any of the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
59 |
``official'' logic images derived from Isabelle/HOL (including
|
wenzelm@26754
|
60 |
HOLCF etc.). Users of alternative logics may need to tell
|
wenzelm@26760
|
61 |
Proof~General explicitly, e.g.\ by giving an option @{verbatim "-k ZF"}
|
wenzelm@26760
|
62 |
(in conjunction with @{verbatim "-l ZF"}, to specify the default
|
wenzelm@26760
|
63 |
logic image). Note that option @{verbatim "-L"} does both
|
wenzelm@26760
|
64 |
of this at the same time.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
65 |
\end{warn}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
66 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
67 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
68 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
69 |
section {* Lexical matters \label{sec:lex-syntax} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
70 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
71 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
72 |
The Isabelle/Isar outer syntax provides token classes as presented
|
wenzelm@26754
|
73 |
below; most of these coincide with the inner lexical syntax as
|
wenzelm@26754
|
74 |
presented in \cite{isabelle-ref}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
75 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
76 |
\begin{matharray}{rcl}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
77 |
@{syntax_def ident} & = & letter\,quasiletter^* \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
78 |
@{syntax_def longident} & = & ident (\verb,.,ident)^+ \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
79 |
@{syntax_def symident} & = & sym^+ ~|~ \verb,\,\verb,<,ident\verb,>, \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
80 |
@{syntax_def nat} & = & digit^+ \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
81 |
@{syntax_def var} & = & ident ~|~ \verb,?,ident ~|~ \verb,?,ident\verb,.,nat \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
82 |
@{syntax_def typefree} & = & \verb,',ident \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
83 |
@{syntax_def typevar} & = & typefree ~|~ \verb,?,typefree ~|~ \verb,?,typefree\verb,.,nat \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
84 |
@{syntax_def string} & = & \verb,", ~\dots~ \verb,", \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
85 |
@{syntax_def altstring} & = & \backquote ~\dots~ \backquote \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
86 |
@{syntax_def verbatim} & = & \verb,{*, ~\dots~ \verb,*,\verb,}, \\[1ex]
|
wenzelm@26754
|
87 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
88 |
letter & = & latin ~|~ \verb,\,\verb,<,latin\verb,>, ~|~ \verb,\,\verb,<,latin\,latin\verb,>, ~|~ greek ~|~ \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
89 |
& & \verb,\<^isub>, ~|~ \verb,\<^isup>, \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
90 |
quasiletter & = & letter ~|~ digit ~|~ \verb,_, ~|~ \verb,', \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
91 |
latin & = & \verb,a, ~|~ \dots ~|~ \verb,z, ~|~ \verb,A, ~|~ \dots ~|~ \verb,Z, \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
92 |
digit & = & \verb,0, ~|~ \dots ~|~ \verb,9, \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
93 |
sym & = & \verb,!, ~|~ \verb,#, ~|~ \verb,$, ~|~ \verb,%, ~|~ \verb,&, ~|~
|
wenzelm@26754
|
94 |
\verb,*, ~|~ \verb,+, ~|~ \verb,-, ~|~ \verb,/, ~|~ \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
95 |
& & \verb,<, ~|~ \verb,=, ~|~ \verb,>, ~|~ \verb,?, ~|~ \texttt{\at} ~|~
|
wenzelm@26754
|
96 |
\verb,^, ~|~ \verb,_, ~|~ \verb,|, ~|~ \verb,~, \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
97 |
greek & = & \verb,\<alpha>, ~|~ \verb,\<beta>, ~|~ \verb,\<gamma>, ~|~ \verb,\<delta>, ~| \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
98 |
& & \verb,\<epsilon>, ~|~ \verb,\<zeta>, ~|~ \verb,\<eta>, ~|~ \verb,\<theta>, ~| \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
99 |
& & \verb,\<iota>, ~|~ \verb,\<kappa>, ~|~ \verb,\<mu>, ~|~ \verb,\<nu>, ~| \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
100 |
& & \verb,\<xi>, ~|~ \verb,\<pi>, ~|~ \verb,\<rho>, ~|~ \verb,\<sigma>, ~|~ \verb,\<tau>, ~| \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
101 |
& & \verb,\<upsilon>, ~|~ \verb,\<phi>, ~|~ \verb,\<chi>, ~|~ \verb,\<psi>, ~| \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
102 |
& & \verb,\<omega>, ~|~ \verb,\<Gamma>, ~|~ \verb,\<Delta>, ~|~ \verb,\<Theta>, ~| \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
103 |
& & \verb,\<Lambda>, ~|~ \verb,\<Xi>, ~|~ \verb,\<Pi>, ~|~ \verb,\<Sigma>, ~| \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
104 |
& & \verb,\<Upsilon>, ~|~ \verb,\<Phi>, ~|~ \verb,\<Psi>, ~|~ \verb,\<Omega>, \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
105 |
\end{matharray}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
106 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
107 |
The syntax of @{syntax string} admits any characters, including
|
wenzelm@26760
|
108 |
newlines; ``@{verbatim "\""}'' (double-quote) and ``@{verbatim
|
wenzelm@26760
|
109 |
"\\"}'' (backslash) need to be escaped by a backslash; arbitrary
|
wenzelm@26760
|
110 |
character codes may be specified as ``@{verbatim "\\"}@{text ddd}'',
|
wenzelm@26760
|
111 |
with three decimal digits. Alternative strings according to
|
wenzelm@26760
|
112 |
@{syntax altstring} are analogous, using single back-quotes instead.
|
wenzelm@26760
|
113 |
The body of @{syntax verbatim} may consist of any text not
|
wenzelm@26760
|
114 |
containing ``@{verbatim "*"}@{verbatim "}"}''; this allows
|
wenzelm@26760
|
115 |
convenient inclusion of quotes without further escapes. The greek
|
wenzelm@26760
|
116 |
letters do \emph{not} include @{verbatim "\<lambda>"}, which is already used
|
wenzelm@26760
|
117 |
differently in the meta-logic.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
118 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
119 |
Common mathematical symbols such as @{text \<forall>} are represented in
|
wenzelm@26760
|
120 |
Isabelle as @{verbatim \<forall>}. There are infinitely many Isabelle
|
wenzelm@26760
|
121 |
symbols like this, although proper presentation is left to front-end
|
wenzelm@26760
|
122 |
tools such as {\LaTeX} or Proof~General with the X-Symbol package.
|
wenzelm@26760
|
123 |
A list of standard Isabelle symbols that work well with these tools
|
wenzelm@26760
|
124 |
is given in \cite[appendix~A]{isabelle-sys}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
125 |
|
wenzelm@26760
|
126 |
Source comments take the form @{verbatim "(*"}~@{text
|
wenzelm@26760
|
127 |
"\<dots>"}~@{verbatim "*)"} and may be nested, although user-interface
|
wenzelm@26760
|
128 |
tools might prevent this. Note that this form indicates source
|
wenzelm@26760
|
129 |
comments only, which are stripped after lexical analysis of the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
130 |
input. The Isar document syntax also provides formal comments that
|
wenzelm@26760
|
131 |
are considered as part of the text (see \secref{sec:comments}).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
132 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
133 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
134 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
135 |
section {* Common syntax entities *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
136 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
137 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
138 |
We now introduce several basic syntactic entities, such as names,
|
wenzelm@26754
|
139 |
terms, and theorem specifications, which are factored out of the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
140 |
actual Isar language elements to be described later.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
141 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
142 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
143 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
144 |
subsection {* Names *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
145 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
146 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
147 |
Entity \railqtok{name} usually refers to any name of types,
|
wenzelm@26754
|
148 |
constants, theorems etc.\ that are to be \emph{declared} or
|
wenzelm@26754
|
149 |
\emph{defined} (so qualified identifiers are excluded here). Quoted
|
wenzelm@26754
|
150 |
strings provide an escape for non-identifier names or those ruled
|
wenzelm@26760
|
151 |
out by outer syntax keywords (e.g.\ quoted @{verbatim "\"let\""}).
|
wenzelm@26760
|
152 |
Already existing objects are usually referenced by
|
wenzelm@26760
|
153 |
\railqtok{nameref}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
154 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
155 |
\indexoutertoken{name}\indexoutertoken{parname}\indexoutertoken{nameref}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
156 |
\indexoutertoken{int}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
157 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
158 |
name: ident | symident | string | nat
|
wenzelm@26754
|
159 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
160 |
parname: '(' name ')'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
161 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
162 |
nameref: name | longident
|
wenzelm@26754
|
163 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
164 |
int: nat | '-' nat
|
wenzelm@26754
|
165 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
166 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
167 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
168 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
169 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
170 |
subsection {* Comments \label{sec:comments} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
171 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
172 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
173 |
Large chunks of plain \railqtok{text} are usually given
|
wenzelm@26760
|
174 |
\railtok{verbatim}, i.e.\ enclosed in @{verbatim "{"}@{verbatim
|
wenzelm@26760
|
175 |
"*"}~@{text "\<dots>"}~@{verbatim "*"}@{verbatim "}"}. For convenience,
|
wenzelm@26760
|
176 |
any of the smaller text units conforming to \railqtok{nameref} are
|
wenzelm@26760
|
177 |
admitted as well. A marginal \railnonterm{comment} is of the form
|
wenzelm@26760
|
178 |
@{verbatim "--"} \railqtok{text}. Any number of these may occur
|
wenzelm@26760
|
179 |
within Isabelle/Isar commands.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
180 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
181 |
\indexoutertoken{text}\indexouternonterm{comment}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
182 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
183 |
text: verbatim | nameref
|
wenzelm@26754
|
184 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
185 |
comment: '--' text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
186 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
187 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
188 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
189 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
190 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
191 |
subsection {* Type classes, sorts and arities *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
192 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
193 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
194 |
Classes are specified by plain names. Sorts have a very simple
|
wenzelm@26754
|
195 |
inner syntax, which is either a single class name @{text c} or a
|
wenzelm@26754
|
196 |
list @{text "{c\<^sub>1, \<dots>, c\<^sub>n}"} referring to the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
197 |
intersection of these classes. The syntax of type arities is given
|
wenzelm@26754
|
198 |
directly at the outer level.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
199 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
200 |
\railalias{subseteq}{\isasymsubseteq}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
201 |
\railterm{subseteq}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
202 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
203 |
\indexouternonterm{sort}\indexouternonterm{arity}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
204 |
\indexouternonterm{classdecl}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
205 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
206 |
classdecl: name (('<' | subseteq) (nameref + ','))?
|
wenzelm@26754
|
207 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
208 |
sort: nameref
|
wenzelm@26754
|
209 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
210 |
arity: ('(' (sort + ',') ')')? sort
|
wenzelm@26754
|
211 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
212 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
213 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
214 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
215 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
216 |
subsection {* Types and terms \label{sec:types-terms} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
217 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
218 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
219 |
The actual inner Isabelle syntax, that of types and terms of the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
220 |
logic, is far too sophisticated in order to be modelled explicitly
|
wenzelm@26754
|
221 |
at the outer theory level. Basically, any such entity has to be
|
wenzelm@26754
|
222 |
quoted to turn it into a single token (the parsing and type-checking
|
wenzelm@26754
|
223 |
is performed internally later). For convenience, a slightly more
|
wenzelm@26754
|
224 |
liberal convention is adopted: quotes may be omitted for any type or
|
wenzelm@26754
|
225 |
term that is already atomic at the outer level. For example, one
|
wenzelm@26760
|
226 |
may just write @{verbatim x} instead of quoted @{verbatim "\"x\""}.
|
wenzelm@26760
|
227 |
Note that symbolic identifiers (e.g.\ @{verbatim "++"} or @{text
|
wenzelm@26760
|
228 |
"\<forall>"} are available as well, provided these have not been superseded
|
wenzelm@26760
|
229 |
by commands or other keywords already (such as @{verbatim "="} or
|
wenzelm@26760
|
230 |
@{verbatim "+"}).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
231 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
232 |
\indexoutertoken{type}\indexoutertoken{term}\indexoutertoken{prop}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
233 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
234 |
type: nameref | typefree | typevar
|
wenzelm@26754
|
235 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
236 |
term: nameref | var
|
wenzelm@26754
|
237 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
238 |
prop: term
|
wenzelm@26754
|
239 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
240 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
241 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
242 |
Positional instantiations are indicated by giving a sequence of
|
wenzelm@26760
|
243 |
terms, or the placeholder ``@{verbatim _}'' (underscore), which
|
wenzelm@26760
|
244 |
means to skip a position.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
245 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
246 |
\indexoutertoken{inst}\indexoutertoken{insts}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
247 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
248 |
inst: underscore | term
|
wenzelm@26754
|
249 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
250 |
insts: (inst *)
|
wenzelm@26754
|
251 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
252 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
253 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
254 |
Type declarations and definitions usually refer to
|
wenzelm@26754
|
255 |
\railnonterm{typespec} on the left-hand side. This models basic
|
wenzelm@26754
|
256 |
type constructor application at the outer syntax level. Note that
|
wenzelm@26754
|
257 |
only plain postfix notation is available here, but no infixes.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
258 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
259 |
\indexouternonterm{typespec}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
260 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
261 |
typespec: (() | typefree | '(' ( typefree + ',' ) ')') name
|
wenzelm@26754
|
262 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
263 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
264 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
265 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
266 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
267 |
subsection {* Mixfix annotations *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
268 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
269 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
270 |
Mixfix annotations specify concrete \emph{inner} syntax of Isabelle
|
wenzelm@26754
|
271 |
types and terms. Some commands such as @{command "types"} (see
|
wenzelm@26760
|
272 |
\secref{sec:types-pure}) admit infixes only, while @{command
|
wenzelm@26760
|
273 |
"consts"} (see \secref{sec:consts}) and @{command "syntax"} (see
|
wenzelm@26760
|
274 |
\secref{sec:syn-trans}) support the full range of general mixfixes
|
wenzelm@26754
|
275 |
and binders.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
276 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
277 |
\indexouternonterm{infix}\indexouternonterm{mixfix}\indexouternonterm{structmixfix}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
278 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
279 |
infix: '(' ('infix' | 'infixl' | 'infixr') string? nat ')'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
280 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
281 |
mixfix: infix | '(' string prios? nat? ')' | '(' 'binder' string prios? nat ')'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
282 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
283 |
structmixfix: mixfix | '(' 'structure' ')'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
284 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
285 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
286 |
prios: '[' (nat + ',') ']'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
287 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
288 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
289 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
290 |
Here the \railtok{string} specifications refer to the actual mixfix
|
wenzelm@26754
|
291 |
template (see also \cite{isabelle-ref}), which may include literal
|
wenzelm@26760
|
292 |
text, spacing, blocks, and arguments (denoted by ``@{verbatim _}'');
|
wenzelm@26760
|
293 |
the special symbol ``@{verbatim "\<index>"}'' (printed as ``@{text "\<index>"}'')
|
wenzelm@26760
|
294 |
represents an index argument that specifies an implicit structure
|
wenzelm@26760
|
295 |
reference (see also \secref{sec:locale}). Infix and binder
|
wenzelm@26760
|
296 |
declarations provide common abbreviations for particular mixfix
|
wenzelm@26760
|
297 |
declarations. So in practice, mixfix templates mostly degenerate to
|
wenzelm@26760
|
298 |
literal text for concrete syntax, such as ``@{verbatim "++"}'' for
|
wenzelm@26760
|
299 |
an infix symbol, or ``@{verbatim "++"}@{text "\<index>"}'' for an infix of
|
wenzelm@26760
|
300 |
an implicit structure.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
301 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
302 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
303 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
304 |
subsection {* Proof methods \label{sec:syn-meth} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
305 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
306 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
307 |
Proof methods are either basic ones, or expressions composed of
|
wenzelm@26760
|
308 |
methods via ``@{verbatim ","}'' (sequential composition),
|
wenzelm@26760
|
309 |
``@{verbatim "|"}'' (alternative choices), ``@{verbatim "?"}''
|
wenzelm@26760
|
310 |
(try), ``@{verbatim "+"}'' (repeat at least once), ``@{verbatim
|
wenzelm@26760
|
311 |
"["}@{text n}@{verbatim "]"}'' (restriction to first @{text n}
|
wenzelm@26760
|
312 |
sub-goals, with default @{text "n = 1"}). In practice, proof
|
wenzelm@26760
|
313 |
methods are usually just a comma separated list of
|
wenzelm@26760
|
314 |
\railqtok{nameref}~\railnonterm{args} specifications. Note that
|
wenzelm@26760
|
315 |
parentheses may be dropped for single method specifications (with no
|
wenzelm@26760
|
316 |
arguments).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
317 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
318 |
\indexouternonterm{method}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
319 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
320 |
method: (nameref | '(' methods ')') (() | '?' | '+' | '[' nat? ']')
|
wenzelm@26754
|
321 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
322 |
methods: (nameref args | method) + (',' | '|')
|
wenzelm@26754
|
323 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
324 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
325 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
326 |
Proper Isar proof methods do \emph{not} admit arbitrary goal
|
wenzelm@26754
|
327 |
addressing, but refer either to the first sub-goal or all sub-goals
|
wenzelm@26760
|
328 |
uniformly. The goal restriction operator ``@{text "[n]"}''
|
wenzelm@26754
|
329 |
evaluates a method expression within a sandbox consisting of the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
330 |
first @{text n} sub-goals (which need to exist). For example, the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
331 |
method ``@{text "simp_all[3]"}'' simplifies the first three
|
wenzelm@26760
|
332 |
sub-goals, while ``@{text "(rule foo, simp_all)[]"}'' simplifies all
|
wenzelm@26760
|
333 |
new goals that emerge from applying rule @{text "foo"} to the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
334 |
originally first one.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
335 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
336 |
Improper methods, notably tactic emulations, offer a separate
|
wenzelm@26754
|
337 |
low-level goal addressing scheme as explicit argument to the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
338 |
individual tactic being involved. Here ``@{text "[!]"}'' refers to
|
wenzelm@26760
|
339 |
all goals, and ``@{text "[n-]"}'' to all goals starting from @{text
|
wenzelm@26760
|
340 |
"n"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
341 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
342 |
\indexouternonterm{goalspec}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
343 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
344 |
goalspec: '[' (nat '-' nat | nat '-' | nat | '!' ) ']'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
345 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
346 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
347 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
348 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
349 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
350 |
subsection {* Attributes and theorems \label{sec:syn-att} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
351 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
352 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26760
|
353 |
Attributes (and proof methods, see \secref{sec:syn-meth}) have their
|
wenzelm@26754
|
354 |
own ``semi-inner'' syntax, in the sense that input conforming to
|
wenzelm@26754
|
355 |
\railnonterm{args} below is parsed by the attribute a second time.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
356 |
The attribute argument specifications may be any sequence of atomic
|
wenzelm@26754
|
357 |
entities (identifiers, strings etc.), or properly bracketed argument
|
wenzelm@26754
|
358 |
lists. Below \railqtok{atom} refers to any atomic entity, including
|
wenzelm@26754
|
359 |
any \railtok{keyword} conforming to \railtok{symident}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
360 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
361 |
\indexoutertoken{atom}\indexouternonterm{args}\indexouternonterm{attributes}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
362 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
363 |
atom: nameref | typefree | typevar | var | nat | keyword
|
wenzelm@26754
|
364 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
365 |
arg: atom | '(' args ')' | '[' args ']'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
366 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
367 |
args: arg *
|
wenzelm@26754
|
368 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
369 |
attributes: '[' (nameref args * ',') ']'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
370 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
371 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
372 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
373 |
Theorem specifications come in several flavors:
|
wenzelm@26754
|
374 |
\railnonterm{axmdecl} and \railnonterm{thmdecl} usually refer to
|
wenzelm@26754
|
375 |
axioms, assumptions or results of goal statements, while
|
wenzelm@26754
|
376 |
\railnonterm{thmdef} collects lists of existing theorems. Existing
|
wenzelm@26754
|
377 |
theorems are given by \railnonterm{thmref} and
|
wenzelm@26754
|
378 |
\railnonterm{thmrefs}, the former requires an actual singleton
|
wenzelm@26754
|
379 |
result.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
380 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
381 |
There are three forms of theorem references:
|
wenzelm@26754
|
382 |
\begin{enumerate}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
383 |
|
wenzelm@26760
|
384 |
\item named facts @{text "a"},
|
wenzelm@26754
|
385 |
|
wenzelm@26760
|
386 |
\item selections from named facts @{text "a(i)"} or @{text "a(j - k)"},
|
wenzelm@26754
|
387 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
388 |
\item literal fact propositions using @{syntax_ref altstring} syntax
|
wenzelm@26760
|
389 |
@{verbatim "`"}@{text "\<phi>"}@{verbatim "`"} (see also method
|
wenzelm@26760
|
390 |
@{method_ref fact} in \secref{sec:pure-meth-att}).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
391 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
392 |
\end{enumerate}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
393 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
394 |
Any kind of theorem specification may include lists of attributes
|
wenzelm@26754
|
395 |
both on the left and right hand sides; attributes are applied to any
|
wenzelm@26754
|
396 |
immediately preceding fact. If names are omitted, the theorems are
|
wenzelm@26754
|
397 |
not stored within the theorem database of the theory or proof
|
wenzelm@26754
|
398 |
context, but any given attributes are applied nonetheless.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
399 |
|
wenzelm@26760
|
400 |
An extra pair of brackets around attributes (like ``@{text
|
wenzelm@26760
|
401 |
"[[simproc a]]"}'') abbreviates a theorem reference involving an
|
wenzelm@26760
|
402 |
internal dummy fact, which will be ignored later on. So only the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
403 |
effect of the attribute on the background context will persist.
|
wenzelm@26760
|
404 |
This form of in-place declarations is particularly useful with
|
wenzelm@26760
|
405 |
commands like @{command "declare"} and @{command "using"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
406 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
407 |
\indexouternonterm{axmdecl}\indexouternonterm{thmdecl}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
408 |
\indexouternonterm{thmdef}\indexouternonterm{thmref}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
409 |
\indexouternonterm{thmrefs}\indexouternonterm{selection}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
410 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
411 |
axmdecl: name attributes? ':'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
412 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
413 |
thmdecl: thmbind ':'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
414 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
415 |
thmdef: thmbind '='
|
wenzelm@26754
|
416 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
417 |
thmref: (nameref selection? | altstring) attributes? | '[' attributes ']'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
418 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
419 |
thmrefs: thmref +
|
wenzelm@26754
|
420 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
421 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
422 |
thmbind: name attributes | name | attributes
|
wenzelm@26754
|
423 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
424 |
selection: '(' ((nat | nat '-' nat?) + ',') ')'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
425 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
426 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
427 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
428 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
429 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
430 |
subsection {* Term patterns and declarations \label{sec:term-decls} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
431 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
432 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
433 |
Wherever explicit propositions (or term fragments) occur in a proof
|
wenzelm@26754
|
434 |
text, casual binding of schematic term variables may be given
|
wenzelm@26754
|
435 |
specified via patterns of the form ``@{text "(\<IS> p\<^sub>1 \<dots>
|
wenzelm@26754
|
436 |
p\<^sub>n)"}''. This works both for \railqtok{term} and \railqtok{prop}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
437 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
438 |
\indexouternonterm{termpat}\indexouternonterm{proppat}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
439 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
440 |
termpat: '(' ('is' term +) ')'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
441 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
442 |
proppat: '(' ('is' prop +) ')'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
443 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
444 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
445 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
446 |
\medskip Declarations of local variables @{text "x :: \<tau>"} and
|
wenzelm@26754
|
447 |
logical propositions @{text "a : \<phi>"} represent different views on
|
wenzelm@26754
|
448 |
the same principle of introducing a local scope. In practice, one
|
wenzelm@26754
|
449 |
may usually omit the typing of \railnonterm{vars} (due to
|
wenzelm@26754
|
450 |
type-inference), and the naming of propositions (due to implicit
|
wenzelm@26754
|
451 |
references of current facts). In any case, Isar proof elements
|
wenzelm@26754
|
452 |
usually admit to introduce multiple such items simultaneously.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
453 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
454 |
\indexouternonterm{vars}\indexouternonterm{props}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
455 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
456 |
vars: (name+) ('::' type)?
|
wenzelm@26754
|
457 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
458 |
props: thmdecl? (prop proppat? +)
|
wenzelm@26754
|
459 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
460 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
461 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
462 |
The treatment of multiple declarations corresponds to the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
463 |
complementary focus of \railnonterm{vars} versus
|
wenzelm@26754
|
464 |
\railnonterm{props}. In ``@{text "x\<^sub>1 \<dots> x\<^sub>n :: \<tau>"}''
|
wenzelm@26754
|
465 |
the typing refers to all variables, while in @{text "a: \<phi>\<^sub>1 \<dots>
|
wenzelm@26754
|
466 |
\<phi>\<^sub>n"} the naming refers to all propositions collectively.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
467 |
Isar language elements that refer to \railnonterm{vars} or
|
wenzelm@26754
|
468 |
\railnonterm{props} typically admit separate typings or namings via
|
wenzelm@26754
|
469 |
another level of iteration, with explicit @{keyword_ref "and"}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
470 |
separators; e.g.\ see @{command "fix"} and @{command "assume"} in
|
wenzelm@26760
|
471 |
\secref{sec:proof-context}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
472 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
473 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
474 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
475 |
subsection {* Antiquotations \label{sec:antiq} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
476 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
477 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
478 |
\begin{matharray}{rcl}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
479 |
@{antiquotation_def "theory"} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
480 |
@{antiquotation_def "thm"} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
481 |
@{antiquotation_def "prop"} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
482 |
@{antiquotation_def "term"} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
483 |
@{antiquotation_def const} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
484 |
@{antiquotation_def abbrev} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
485 |
@{antiquotation_def typeof} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
486 |
@{antiquotation_def typ} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
487 |
@{antiquotation_def thm_style} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
488 |
@{antiquotation_def term_style} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
489 |
@{antiquotation_def "text"} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
490 |
@{antiquotation_def goals} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
491 |
@{antiquotation_def subgoals} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
492 |
@{antiquotation_def prf} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
493 |
@{antiquotation_def full_prf} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
494 |
@{antiquotation_def ML} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
495 |
@{antiquotation_def ML_type} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
496 |
@{antiquotation_def ML_struct} & : & \isarantiq \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
497 |
\end{matharray}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
498 |
|
wenzelm@26760
|
499 |
The text body of formal comments (see also \secref{sec:comments})
|
wenzelm@26760
|
500 |
may contain antiquotations of logical entities, such as theorems,
|
wenzelm@26760
|
501 |
terms and types, which are to be presented in the final output
|
wenzelm@26760
|
502 |
produced by the Isabelle document preparation system (see also
|
wenzelm@26760
|
503 |
\secref{sec:document-prep}).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
504 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
505 |
Thus embedding of ``@{text "@{term [show_types] \"f x = a + x\"}"}''
|
wenzelm@26754
|
506 |
within a text block would cause
|
wenzelm@26754
|
507 |
\isa{{\isacharparenleft}f{\isasymColon}{\isacharprime}a\ {\isasymRightarrow}\ {\isacharprime}a{\isacharparenright}\ {\isacharparenleft}x{\isasymColon}{\isacharprime}a{\isacharparenright}\ {\isacharequal}\ {\isacharparenleft}a{\isasymColon}{\isacharprime}a{\isacharparenright}\ {\isacharplus}\ x} to appear in the final {\LaTeX} document. Also note that theorem
|
wenzelm@26754
|
508 |
antiquotations may involve attributes as well. For example,
|
wenzelm@26760
|
509 |
@{text "@{thm sym [no_vars]}"} would print the theorem's
|
wenzelm@26760
|
510 |
statement where all schematic variables have been replaced by fixed
|
wenzelm@26760
|
511 |
ones, which are easier to read.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
512 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
513 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
514 |
atsign lbrace antiquotation rbrace
|
wenzelm@26754
|
515 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
516 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
517 |
antiquotation:
|
wenzelm@26754
|
518 |
'theory' options name |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
519 |
'thm' options thmrefs |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
520 |
'prop' options prop |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
521 |
'term' options term |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
522 |
'const' options term |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
523 |
'abbrev' options term |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
524 |
'typeof' options term |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
525 |
'typ' options type |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
526 |
'thm\_style' options name thmref |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
527 |
'term\_style' options name term |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
528 |
'text' options name |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
529 |
'goals' options |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
530 |
'subgoals' options |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
531 |
'prf' options thmrefs |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
532 |
'full\_prf' options thmrefs |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
533 |
'ML' options name |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
534 |
'ML\_type' options name |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
535 |
'ML\_struct' options name
|
wenzelm@26754
|
536 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
537 |
options: '[' (option * ',') ']'
|
wenzelm@26754
|
538 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
539 |
option: name | name '=' name
|
wenzelm@26754
|
540 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
541 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
542 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
543 |
Note that the syntax of antiquotations may \emph{not} include source
|
wenzelm@26760
|
544 |
comments @{verbatim "(*"}~@{text "\<dots>"}~@{verbatim "*)"} or verbatim
|
wenzelm@26760
|
545 |
text @{verbatim "{"}@{verbatim "*"}~@{text "\<dots>"}~@{verbatim
|
wenzelm@26760
|
546 |
"*"}@{verbatim "}"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
547 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
548 |
\begin{descr}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
549 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
550 |
\item [@{text "@{theory A}"}] prints the name @{text "A"}, which is
|
wenzelm@26754
|
551 |
guaranteed to refer to a valid ancestor theory in the current
|
wenzelm@26754
|
552 |
context.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
553 |
|
wenzelm@26760
|
554 |
\item [@{text "@{thm a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n}"}] prints theorems
|
wenzelm@26760
|
555 |
@{text "a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n"}. Note that attribute specifications
|
wenzelm@26760
|
556 |
may be included as well (see also \secref{sec:syn-att}); the
|
wenzelm@26760
|
557 |
@{attribute_ref no_vars} rule (see \secref{sec:misc-meth-att}) would
|
wenzelm@26760
|
558 |
be particularly useful to suppress printing of schematic variables.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
559 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
560 |
\item [@{text "@{prop \<phi>}"}] prints a well-typed proposition @{text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
561 |
"\<phi>"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
562 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
563 |
\item [@{text "@{term t}"}] prints a well-typed term @{text "t"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
564 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
565 |
\item [@{text "@{const c}"}] prints a logical or syntactic constant
|
wenzelm@26754
|
566 |
@{text "c"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
567 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
568 |
\item [@{text "@{abbrev c x\<^sub>1 \<dots> x\<^sub>n}"}] prints a constant
|
wenzelm@26754
|
569 |
abbreviation @{text "c x\<^sub>1 \<dots> x\<^sub>n \<equiv> rhs"} as defined in
|
wenzelm@26754
|
570 |
the current context.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
571 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
572 |
\item [@{text "@{typeof t}"}] prints the type of a well-typed term
|
wenzelm@26754
|
573 |
@{text "t"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
574 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
575 |
\item [@{text "@{typ \<tau>}"}] prints a well-formed type @{text "\<tau>"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
576 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
577 |
\item [@{text "@{thm_style s a}"}] prints theorem @{text a},
|
wenzelm@26754
|
578 |
previously applying a style @{text s} to it (see below).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
579 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
580 |
\item [@{text "@{term_style s t}"}] prints a well-typed term @{text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
581 |
t} after applying a style @{text s} to it (see below).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
582 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
583 |
\item [@{text "@{text s}"}] prints uninterpreted source text @{text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
584 |
s}. This is particularly useful to print portions of text according
|
wenzelm@26754
|
585 |
to the Isabelle {\LaTeX} output style, without demanding
|
wenzelm@26754
|
586 |
well-formedness (e.g.\ small pieces of terms that should not be
|
wenzelm@26754
|
587 |
parsed or type-checked yet).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
588 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
589 |
\item [@{text "@{goals}"}] prints the current \emph{dynamic} goal
|
wenzelm@26754
|
590 |
state. This is mainly for support of tactic-emulation scripts
|
wenzelm@26754
|
591 |
within Isar --- presentation of goal states does not conform to
|
wenzelm@26754
|
592 |
actual human-readable proof documents.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
593 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
594 |
Please do not include goal states into document output unless you
|
wenzelm@26754
|
595 |
really know what you are doing!
|
wenzelm@26754
|
596 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
597 |
\item [@{text "@{subgoals}"}] is similar to @{text "@{goals}"}, but
|
wenzelm@26754
|
598 |
does not print the main goal.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
599 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
600 |
\item [@{text "@{prf a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n}"}] prints the (compact)
|
wenzelm@26754
|
601 |
proof terms corresponding to the theorems @{text "a\<^sub>1 \<dots>
|
wenzelm@26754
|
602 |
a\<^sub>n"}. Note that this requires proof terms to be switched on
|
wenzelm@26754
|
603 |
for the current object logic (see the ``Proof terms'' section of the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
604 |
Isabelle reference manual for information on how to do this).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
605 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
606 |
\item [@{text "@{full_prf a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n}"}] is like @{text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
607 |
"@{prf a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n}"}, but displays the full proof terms,
|
wenzelm@26754
|
608 |
i.e.\ also displays information omitted in the compact proof term,
|
wenzelm@26760
|
609 |
which is denoted by ``@{verbatim _}'' placeholders there.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
610 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
611 |
\item [@{text "@{ML s}"}, @{text "@{ML_type s}"}, and @{text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
612 |
"@{ML_struct s}"}] check text @{text s} as ML value, type, and
|
wenzelm@26754
|
613 |
structure, respectively. The source is displayed verbatim.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
614 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
615 |
\end{descr}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
616 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
617 |
\medskip The following standard styles for use with @{text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
618 |
thm_style} and @{text term_style} are available:
|
wenzelm@26754
|
619 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
620 |
\begin{descr}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
621 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
622 |
\item [@{text lhs}] extracts the first argument of any application
|
wenzelm@26754
|
623 |
form with at least two arguments -- typically meta-level or
|
wenzelm@26754
|
624 |
object-level equality, or any other binary relation.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
625 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
626 |
\item [@{text rhs}] is like @{text lhs}, but extracts the second
|
wenzelm@26754
|
627 |
argument.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
628 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
629 |
\item [@{text "concl"}] extracts the conclusion @{text C} from a rule
|
wenzelm@26754
|
630 |
in Horn-clause normal form @{text "A\<^sub>1 \<Longrightarrow> \<dots> A\<^sub>n \<Longrightarrow> C"}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
631 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
632 |
\item [@{text "prem1"}, \dots, @{text "prem9"}] extract premise
|
wenzelm@26760
|
633 |
number @{text "1, \<dots>, 9"}, respectively, from from a rule in
|
wenzelm@26754
|
634 |
Horn-clause normal form @{text "A\<^sub>1 \<Longrightarrow> \<dots> A\<^sub>n \<Longrightarrow> C"}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
635 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
636 |
\end{descr}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
637 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
638 |
\medskip
|
wenzelm@26754
|
639 |
The following options are available to tune the output. Note that most of
|
wenzelm@26754
|
640 |
these coincide with ML flags of the same names (see also \cite{isabelle-ref}).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
641 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
642 |
\begin{descr}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
643 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
644 |
\item[@{text "show_types = bool"} and @{text "show_sorts = bool"}]
|
wenzelm@26754
|
645 |
control printing of explicit type and sort constraints.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
646 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
647 |
\item[@{text "show_structs = bool"}] controls printing of implicit
|
wenzelm@26754
|
648 |
structures.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
649 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
650 |
\item[@{text "long_names = bool"}] forces names of types and
|
wenzelm@26754
|
651 |
constants etc.\ to be printed in their fully qualified internal
|
wenzelm@26754
|
652 |
form.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
653 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
654 |
\item[@{text "short_names = bool"}] forces names of types and
|
wenzelm@26754
|
655 |
constants etc.\ to be printed unqualified. Note that internalizing
|
wenzelm@26754
|
656 |
the output again in the current context may well yield a different
|
wenzelm@26754
|
657 |
result.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
658 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
659 |
\item[@{text "unique_names = bool"}] determines whether the printed
|
wenzelm@26754
|
660 |
version of qualified names should be made sufficiently long to avoid
|
wenzelm@26754
|
661 |
overlap with names declared further back. Set to @{text false} for
|
wenzelm@26754
|
662 |
more concise output.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
663 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
664 |
\item[@{text "eta_contract = bool"}] prints terms in @{text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
665 |
\<eta>}-contracted form.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
666 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
667 |
\item[@{text "display = bool"}] indicates if the text is to be
|
wenzelm@26754
|
668 |
output as multi-line ``display material'', rather than a small piece
|
wenzelm@26754
|
669 |
of text without line breaks (which is the default).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
670 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
671 |
\item[@{text "break = bool"}] controls line breaks in non-display
|
wenzelm@26754
|
672 |
material.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
673 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
674 |
\item[@{text "quotes = bool"}] indicates if the output should be
|
wenzelm@26754
|
675 |
enclosed in double quotes.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
676 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
677 |
\item[@{text "mode = name"}] adds @{text name} to the print mode to
|
wenzelm@26754
|
678 |
be used for presentation (see also \cite{isabelle-ref}). Note that
|
wenzelm@26754
|
679 |
the standard setup for {\LaTeX} output is already present by
|
wenzelm@26754
|
680 |
default, including the modes @{text latex} and @{text xsymbols}.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
681 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
682 |
\item[@{text "margin = nat"} and @{text "indent = nat"}] change the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
683 |
margin or indentation for pretty printing of display material.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
684 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
685 |
\item[@{text "source = bool"}] prints the source text of the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
686 |
antiquotation arguments, rather than the actual value. Note that
|
wenzelm@26754
|
687 |
this does not affect well-formedness checks of @{antiquotation
|
wenzelm@26754
|
688 |
"thm"}, @{antiquotation "term"}, etc. (only the @{antiquotation
|
wenzelm@26754
|
689 |
"text"} antiquotation admits arbitrary output).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
690 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
691 |
\item[@{text "goals_limit = nat"}] determines the maximum number of
|
wenzelm@26754
|
692 |
goals to be printed.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
693 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
694 |
\item[@{text "locale = name"}] specifies an alternative locale
|
wenzelm@26754
|
695 |
context used for evaluating and printing the subsequent argument.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
696 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
697 |
\end{descr}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
698 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
699 |
For boolean flags, ``@{text "name = true"}'' may be abbreviated as
|
wenzelm@26754
|
700 |
``@{text name}''. All of the above flags are disabled by default,
|
wenzelm@26754
|
701 |
unless changed from ML.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
702 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
703 |
\medskip Note that antiquotations do not only spare the author from
|
wenzelm@26754
|
704 |
tedious typing of logical entities, but also achieve some degree of
|
wenzelm@26754
|
705 |
consistency-checking of informal explanations with formal
|
wenzelm@26754
|
706 |
developments: well-formedness of terms and types with respect to the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
707 |
current theory or proof context is ensured here.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
708 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
709 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
710 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
711 |
subsection {* Tagged commands \label{sec:tags} *}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
712 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
713 |
text {*
|
wenzelm@26754
|
714 |
Each Isabelle/Isar command may be decorated by presentation tags:
|
wenzelm@26754
|
715 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
716 |
\indexouternonterm{tags}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
717 |
\begin{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
718 |
tags: ( tag * )
|
wenzelm@26754
|
719 |
;
|
wenzelm@26754
|
720 |
tag: '\%' (ident | string)
|
wenzelm@26754
|
721 |
\end{rail}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
722 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
723 |
The tags @{text "theory"}, @{text "proof"}, @{text "ML"} are already
|
wenzelm@26754
|
724 |
pre-declared for certain classes of commands:
|
wenzelm@26754
|
725 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
726 |
\medskip
|
wenzelm@26754
|
727 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
728 |
\begin{tabular}{ll}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
729 |
@{text "theory"} & theory begin/end \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
730 |
@{text "proof"} & all proof commands \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
731 |
@{text "ML"} & all commands involving ML code \\
|
wenzelm@26754
|
732 |
\end{tabular}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
733 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
734 |
\medskip The Isabelle document preparation system (see also
|
wenzelm@26754
|
735 |
\cite{isabelle-sys}) allows tagged command regions to be presented
|
wenzelm@26754
|
736 |
specifically, e.g.\ to fold proof texts, or drop parts of the text
|
wenzelm@26754
|
737 |
completely.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
738 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
739 |
For example ``@{command "by"}~@{text "%invisible auto"}'' would
|
wenzelm@26754
|
740 |
cause that piece of proof to be treated as @{text invisible} instead
|
wenzelm@26754
|
741 |
of @{text "proof"} (the default), which may be either show or hidden
|
wenzelm@26754
|
742 |
depending on the document setup. In contrast, ``@{command
|
wenzelm@26754
|
743 |
"by"}~@{text "%visible auto"}'' would force this text to be shown
|
wenzelm@26754
|
744 |
invariably.
|
wenzelm@26754
|
745 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
746 |
Explicit tag specifications within a proof apply to all subsequent
|
wenzelm@26754
|
747 |
commands of the same level of nesting. For example, ``@{command
|
wenzelm@26754
|
748 |
"proof"}~@{text "%visible \<dots>"}~@{command "qed"}'' would force the
|
wenzelm@26754
|
749 |
whole sub-proof to be typeset as @{text visible} (unless some of its
|
wenzelm@26754
|
750 |
parts are tagged differently).
|
wenzelm@26754
|
751 |
*}
|
wenzelm@26754
|
752 |
|
wenzelm@26754
|
753 |
end
|