(*  Title:      HOL/BNF/Tools/bnf_fp_rec_sugar.ML

    Author:     Lorenz Panny, TU Muenchen

    Copyright   2013

Recursor and corecursor sugar.

*)

signature BNF_FP_REC_SUGAR =

sig

  val add_primrec: (binding * typ option * mixfix) list ->

    (Attrib.binding * term) list -> local_theory -> (term list * thm list list) * local_theory

  val add_primrec_cmd: (binding * string option * mixfix) list ->

    (Attrib.binding * string) list -> local_theory -> (term list * thm list list) * local_theory

  val add_primrec_global: (binding * typ option * mixfix) list ->

    (Attrib.binding * term) list -> theory -> (term list * thm list list) * theory

  val add_primrec_overloaded: (string * (string * typ) * bool) list ->

    (binding * typ option * mixfix) list ->

    (Attrib.binding * term) list -> theory -> (term list * thm list list) * theory

  val add_primrec_simple: ((binding * typ) * mixfix) list -> term list ->

    local_theory -> (string list * (term list * (int list list * thm list list))) * local_theory

  val add_primcorecursive_cmd: bool ->

    (binding * string option * mixfix) list * ((Attrib.binding * string) * string option) list ->

    Proof.context -> Proof.state

  val add_primcorec_cmd: bool ->

    (binding * string option * mixfix) list * ((Attrib.binding * string) * string option) list ->

    local_theory -> local_theory

end;

structure BNF_FP_Rec_Sugar : BNF_FP_REC_SUGAR =

struct

open BNF_Util

open BNF_FP_Util

open BNF_FP_Rec_Sugar_Util

open BNF_FP_Rec_Sugar_Tactics

val codeN = "code";

val ctrN = "ctr";

val discN = "disc";

val selN = "sel";

val nitpicksimp_attrs = @{attributes [nitpick_simp]};

val simp_attrs = @{attributes [simp]};

val code_nitpicksimp_attrs = Code.add_default_eqn_attrib :: nitpicksimp_attrs;

val code_nitpicksimp_simp_attrs = Code.add_default_eqn_attrib :: nitpicksimp_attrs @ simp_attrs;

exception Primrec_Error of string * term list;

fun primrec_error str = raise Primrec_Error (str, []);

fun primrec_error_eqn str eqn = raise Primrec_Error (str, [eqn]);

fun primrec_error_eqns str eqns = raise Primrec_Error (str, eqns);

fun finds eq = fold_map (fn x => List.partition (curry eq x) #>> pair x);

val free_name = try (fn Free (v, _) => v);

val const_name = try (fn Const (v, _) => v);

val undef_const = Const (@{const_name undefined}, dummyT);

fun permute_args n t = list_comb (t, map Bound (0 :: (n downto 1)))

  |> fold (K (Term.abs (Name.uu, dummyT))) (0 upto n);

val abs_tuple = HOLogic.tupled_lambda o HOLogic.mk_tuple;

fun drop_All t = subst_bounds (strip_qnt_vars @{const_name all} t |> map Free |> rev,

  strip_qnt_body @{const_name all} t)

fun abstract vs =

  let fun a n (t $ u) = a n t $ a n u

        | a n (Abs (v, T, b)) = Abs (v, T, a (n + 1) b)

        | a n t = let val idx = find_index (equal t) vs in

            if idx < 0 then t else Bound (n + idx) end

  in a 0 end;

fun mk_prod1 Ts (t, u) = HOLogic.pair_const (fastype_of1 (Ts, t)) (fastype_of1 (Ts, u)) $ t $ u;

fun mk_tuple1 Ts = the_default HOLogic.unit o try (foldr1 (mk_prod1 Ts));

fun get_indices fixes t = map (fst #>> Binding.name_of #> Free) fixes

  |> map_index (fn (i, v) => if exists_subterm (equal v) t then SOME i else NONE)

  |> map_filter I;

(* Primrec *)

type eqn_data = {

  fun_name: string,

  rec_type: typ,

  ctr: term,

  ctr_args: term list,

  left_args: term list,

  right_args: term list,

  res_type: typ,

  rhs_term: term,

  user_eqn: term

};

fun dissect_eqn lthy fun_names eqn' =

  let

    val eqn = drop_All eqn' |> HOLogic.dest_Trueprop

      handle TERM _ =>

        primrec_error_eqn "malformed function equation (expected \"lhs = rhs\")" eqn';

    val (lhs, rhs) = HOLogic.dest_eq eqn

        handle TERM _ =>

          primrec_error_eqn "malformed function equation (expected \"lhs = rhs\")" eqn';

    val (fun_name, args) = strip_comb lhs

      |>> (fn x => if is_Free x then fst (dest_Free x)

          else primrec_error_eqn "malformed function equation (does not start with free)" eqn);

    val (left_args, rest) = take_prefix is_Free args;

    val (nonfrees, right_args) = take_suffix is_Free rest;

    val num_nonfrees = length nonfrees;

    val _ = num_nonfrees = 1 orelse if num_nonfrees = 0 then

      primrec_error_eqn "constructor pattern missing in left-hand side" eqn else

      primrec_error_eqn "more than one non-variable argument in left-hand side" eqn;

    val _ = member (op =) fun_names fun_name orelse

      primrec_error_eqn "malformed function equation (does not start with function name)" eqn

    val (ctr, ctr_args) = strip_comb (the_single nonfrees);

    val _ = try (num_binder_types o fastype_of) ctr = SOME (length ctr_args) orelse

      primrec_error_eqn "partially applied constructor in pattern" eqn;

    val _ = let val d = duplicates (op =) (left_args @ ctr_args @ right_args) in null d orelse

      primrec_error_eqn ("duplicate variable \"" ^ Syntax.string_of_term lthy (hd d) ^

        "\" in left-hand side") eqn end;

    val _ = forall is_Free ctr_args orelse

      primrec_error_eqn "non-primitive pattern in left-hand side" eqn;

    val _ =

      let val b = fold_aterms (fn x as Free (v, _) =>

        if (not (member (op =) (left_args @ ctr_args @ right_args) x) andalso

        not (member (op =) fun_names v) andalso

        not (Variable.is_fixed lthy v)) then cons x else I | _ => I) rhs []

      in

        null b orelse

        primrec_error_eqn ("extra variable(s) in right-hand side: " ^

          commas (map (Syntax.string_of_term lthy) b)) eqn

      end;

  in

    {fun_name = fun_name,

     rec_type = body_type (type_of ctr),

     ctr = ctr,

     ctr_args = ctr_args,

     left_args = left_args,

     right_args = right_args,

     res_type = map fastype_of (left_args @ right_args) ---> fastype_of rhs,

     rhs_term = rhs,

     user_eqn = eqn'}

  end;

fun rewrite_map_arg get_ctr_pos rec_type res_type =

  let

    val pT = HOLogic.mk_prodT (rec_type, res_type);

    val maybe_suc = Option.map (fn x => x + 1);

    fun subst d (t as Bound d') = t |> d = SOME d' ? curry (op $) (fst_const pT)

      | subst d (Abs (v, T, b)) = Abs (v, if d = SOME ~1 then pT else T, subst (maybe_suc d) b)

      | subst d t =

        let

          val (u, vs) = strip_comb t;

          val ctr_pos = try (get_ctr_pos o the) (free_name u) |> the_default ~1;

        in

          if ctr_pos >= 0 then

            if d = SOME ~1 andalso length vs = ctr_pos then

              list_comb (permute_args ctr_pos (snd_const pT), vs)

            else if length vs > ctr_pos andalso is_some d

                andalso d = try (fn Bound n => n) (nth vs ctr_pos) then

              list_comb (snd_const pT $ nth vs ctr_pos, map (subst d) (nth_drop ctr_pos vs))

            else

              primrec_error_eqn ("recursive call not directly applied to constructor argument") t

          else

            list_comb (u, map (subst (d |> d = SOME ~1 ? K NONE)) vs)

        end

  in

    subst (SOME ~1)

  end;

fun subst_rec_calls lthy get_ctr_pos has_call ctr_args mutual_calls nested_calls =

  let

    fun try_nested_rec bound_Ts y t =

      AList.lookup (op =) nested_calls y

      |> Option.map (fn y' =>

        massage_nested_rec_call lthy has_call (rewrite_map_arg get_ctr_pos) bound_Ts y y' t);

    fun subst bound_Ts (t as g' $ y) =

        let

          fun subst_rec () = subst bound_Ts g' $ subst bound_Ts y;

          val y_head = head_of y;

        in

          if not (member (op =) ctr_args y_head) then

            subst_rec ()

          else

            (case try_nested_rec bound_Ts y_head t of

              SOME t' => t'

            | NONE =>

              let val (g, g_args) = strip_comb g' in

                (case try (get_ctr_pos o the) (free_name g) of

                  SOME ctr_pos =>

                  (length g_args >= ctr_pos orelse

                   primrec_error_eqn "too few arguments in recursive call" t;

                   (case AList.lookup (op =) mutual_calls y of

                     SOME y' => list_comb (y', g_args)

                   | NONE => subst_rec ()))

                | NONE => subst_rec ())

              end)

        end

      | subst bound_Ts (Abs (v, T, b)) = Abs (v, T, subst (T :: bound_Ts) b)

      | subst _ t = t

    fun subst' t =

      if has_call t then

        (* FIXME detect this case earlier? *)

        primrec_error_eqn "recursive call not directly applied to constructor argument" t

      else

        try_nested_rec [] (head_of t) t |> the_default t

  in

    subst' o subst []

  end;

fun build_rec_arg lthy (funs_data : eqn_data list list) has_call (ctr_spec : rec_ctr_spec)

    (maybe_eqn_data : eqn_data option) =

  (case maybe_eqn_data of

    NONE => undef_const

  | SOME {ctr_args, left_args, right_args, rhs_term = t, ...} =>

    let

      val calls = #calls ctr_spec;

      val n_args = fold (Integer.add o (fn Mutual_Rec _ => 2 | _ => 1)) calls 0;

      val no_calls' = tag_list 0 calls

        |> map_filter (try (apsnd (fn No_Rec p => p | Mutual_Rec (p, _) => p)));

      val mutual_calls' = tag_list 0 calls

        |> map_filter (try (apsnd (fn Mutual_Rec (_, p) => p)));

      val nested_calls' = tag_list 0 calls

        |> map_filter (try (apsnd (fn Nested_Rec p => p)));

      val args = replicate n_args ("", dummyT)

        |> Term.rename_wrt_term t

        |> map Free

        |> fold (fn (ctr_arg_idx, (arg_idx, _)) =>

            nth_map arg_idx (K (nth ctr_args ctr_arg_idx)))

          no_calls'

        |> fold (fn (ctr_arg_idx, (arg_idx, T)) =>

            nth_map arg_idx (K (retype_free T (nth ctr_args ctr_arg_idx))))

          mutual_calls'

        |> fold (fn (ctr_arg_idx, (arg_idx, T)) =>

            nth_map arg_idx (K (retype_free T (nth ctr_args ctr_arg_idx))))

          nested_calls';

      val fun_name_ctr_pos_list =

        map (fn (x :: _) => (#fun_name x, length (#left_args x))) funs_data;

      val get_ctr_pos = try (the o AList.lookup (op =) fun_name_ctr_pos_list) #> the_default ~1;

      val mutual_calls = map (apfst (nth ctr_args) o apsnd (nth args o fst)) mutual_calls';

      val nested_calls = map (apfst (nth ctr_args) o apsnd (nth args o fst)) nested_calls';

    in

      t

      |> subst_rec_calls lthy get_ctr_pos has_call ctr_args mutual_calls nested_calls

      |> fold_rev lambda (args @ left_args @ right_args)

    end);

fun build_defs lthy bs mxs (funs_data : eqn_data list list) (rec_specs : rec_spec list) has_call =

  let

    val n_funs = length funs_data;

    val ctr_spec_eqn_data_list' =

      (take n_funs rec_specs |> map #ctr_specs) ~~ funs_data

      |> maps (uncurry (finds (fn (x, y) => #ctr x = #ctr y))

          ##> (fn x => null x orelse

            primrec_error_eqns "excess equations in definition" (map #rhs_term x)) #> fst);

    val _ = ctr_spec_eqn_data_list' |> map (fn (_, x) => length x <= 1 orelse

      primrec_error_eqns ("multiple equations for constructor") (map #user_eqn x));

    val ctr_spec_eqn_data_list =

      ctr_spec_eqn_data_list' @ (drop n_funs rec_specs |> maps #ctr_specs |> map (rpair []));

    val recs = take n_funs rec_specs |> map #recx;

    val rec_args = ctr_spec_eqn_data_list

      |> sort ((op <) o pairself (#offset o fst) |> make_ord)

      |> map (uncurry (build_rec_arg lthy funs_data has_call) o apsnd (try the_single));

    val ctr_poss = map (fn x =>

      if length (distinct ((op =) o pairself (length o #left_args)) x) <> 1 then

        primrec_error ("inconstant constructor pattern position for function " ^

          quote (#fun_name (hd x)))

      else

        hd x |> #left_args |> length) funs_data;

  in

    (recs, ctr_poss)

    |-> map2 (fn recx => fn ctr_pos => list_comb (recx, rec_args) |> permute_args ctr_pos)

    |> Syntax.check_terms lthy

    |> map3 (fn b => fn mx => fn t => ((b, mx), ((Binding.conceal (Thm.def_binding b), []), t)))

      bs mxs

  end;

fun massage_comp ctxt has_call bound_Ts t = (* FIXME unused *)

  massage_nested_corec_call ctxt has_call (K (K (K I))) bound_Ts (fastype_of1 (bound_Ts, t)) t;

fun find_rec_calls ctxt has_call ({ctr, ctr_args, rhs_term, ...} : eqn_data) =

  let

    fun find bound_Ts (Abs (_, T, b)) ctr_arg = find (T :: bound_Ts) b ctr_arg

      | find bound_Ts (t as _ $ _) ctr_arg =

        let

          val typof = curry fastype_of1 bound_Ts;

          val (f', args') = strip_comb t;

          val n = find_index (equal ctr_arg o head_of) args';

        in

          if n < 0 then

            find bound_Ts f' ctr_arg @ maps (fn x => find bound_Ts x ctr_arg) args'

          else

            let

              val (f, args as arg :: _) = chop n args' |>> curry list_comb f'

              val (arg_head, arg_args) = Term.strip_comb arg;

            in

              if has_call f then

                mk_partial_compN (length arg_args) (typof f) (typof arg_head) f ::

                maps (fn x => find bound_Ts x ctr_arg) args

              else

                find bound_Ts f ctr_arg @ maps (fn x => find bound_Ts x ctr_arg) args

            end

        end

      | find _ _ _ = [];

  in

    map (find [] rhs_term) ctr_args

    |> (fn [] => NONE | callss => SOME (ctr, callss))

  end;

fun prepare_primrec fixes specs lthy =

  let

    val (bs, mxs) = map_split (apfst fst) fixes;

    val fun_names = map Binding.name_of bs;

    val eqns_data = map (dissect_eqn lthy fun_names) specs;

    val funs_data = eqns_data

      |> partition_eq ((op =) o pairself #fun_name)

      |> finds (fn (x, y) => x = #fun_name (hd y)) fun_names |> fst

      |> map (fn (x, y) => the_single y handle List.Empty =>

          primrec_error ("missing equations for function " ^ quote x));

    val has_call = exists_subterm (map (fst #>> Binding.name_of #> Free) fixes |> member (op =));

    val arg_Ts = map (#rec_type o hd) funs_data;

    val res_Ts = map (#res_type o hd) funs_data;

    val callssss = funs_data

      |> map (partition_eq ((op =) o pairself #ctr))

      |> map (maps (map_filter (find_rec_calls lthy has_call)));

    val ((n2m, rec_specs, _, induct_thm, induct_thms), lthy') =

      rec_specs_of bs arg_Ts res_Ts (get_indices fixes) callssss lthy;

    val actual_nn = length funs_data;

    val _ = let val ctrs = (maps (map #ctr o #ctr_specs) rec_specs) in

      map (fn {ctr, user_eqn, ...} => member (op =) ctrs ctr orelse

        primrec_error_eqn ("argument " ^ quote (Syntax.string_of_term lthy' ctr) ^

          " is not a constructor in left-hand side") user_eqn) eqns_data end;

    val defs = build_defs lthy' bs mxs funs_data rec_specs has_call;

    fun prove lthy def_thms' ({ctr_specs, nested_map_idents, nested_map_comps, ...} : rec_spec)

        (fun_data : eqn_data list) =

      let

        val def_thms = map (snd o snd) def_thms';

        val simp_thmss = finds (fn (x, y) => #ctr x = #ctr y) fun_data ctr_specs

          |> fst

          |> map_filter (try (fn (x, [y]) =>

            (#user_eqn x, length (#left_args x) + length (#right_args x), #rec_thm y)))

          |> map (fn (user_eqn, num_extra_args, rec_thm) =>

            mk_primrec_tac lthy num_extra_args nested_map_idents nested_map_comps def_thms rec_thm

            |> K |> Goal.prove lthy [] [] user_eqn

            |> Thm.close_derivation);

        val poss = find_indices (fn (x, y) => #ctr x = #ctr y) fun_data eqns_data;

      in

        (poss, simp_thmss)

      end;

    val notes =

      (if n2m then map2 (fn name => fn thm =>

        (name, inductN, [thm], [])) fun_names (take actual_nn induct_thms) else [])

      |> map (fn (prefix, thmN, thms, attrs) =>

        ((Binding.qualify true prefix (Binding.name thmN), attrs), [(thms, [])]));

    val common_name = mk_common_name fun_names;

    val common_notes =

      (if n2m then [(inductN, [induct_thm], [])] else [])

      |> map (fn (thmN, thms, attrs) =>

        ((Binding.qualify true common_name (Binding.name thmN), attrs), [(thms, [])]));

  in

    (((fun_names, defs),

      fn lthy => fn defs =>

        split_list (map2 (prove lthy defs) (take actual_nn rec_specs) funs_data)),

      lthy' |> Local_Theory.notes (notes @ common_notes) |> snd)

  end;

(* primrec definition *)

fun add_primrec_simple fixes ts lthy =

  let

    val (((names, defs), prove), lthy) = prepare_primrec fixes ts lthy

      handle ERROR str => primrec_error str;

  in

    lthy

    |> fold_map Local_Theory.define defs

    |-> (fn defs => `(fn lthy => (names, (map fst defs, prove lthy defs))))

  end

  handle Primrec_Error (str, eqns) =>

    if null eqns

    then error ("primrec_new error:\n  " ^ str)

    else error ("primrec_new error:\n  " ^ str ^ "\nin\n  " ^

      space_implode "\n  " (map (quote o Syntax.string_of_term lthy) eqns));

local

fun gen_primrec prep_spec (raw_fixes : (binding * 'a option * mixfix) list) raw_spec lthy =

  let

    val d = duplicates (op =) (map (Binding.name_of o #1) raw_fixes)

    val _ = null d orelse primrec_error ("duplicate function name(s): " ^ commas d);

    val (fixes, specs) = fst (prep_spec raw_fixes raw_spec lthy);

    val mk_notes =

      flat ooo map3 (fn poss => fn prefix => fn thms =>

        let

          val (bs, attrss) = map_split (fst o nth specs) poss;

          val notes =

            map3 (fn b => fn attrs => fn thm =>

              ((Binding.qualify false prefix b, code_nitpicksimp_simp_attrs @ attrs), [([thm], [])]))

            bs attrss thms;

        in

          ((Binding.qualify true prefix (Binding.name simpsN), []), [(thms, [])]) :: notes

        end);

  in

    lthy

    |> add_primrec_simple fixes (map snd specs)

    |-> (fn (names, (ts, (posss, simpss))) =>

      Spec_Rules.add Spec_Rules.Equational (ts, flat simpss)

      #> Local_Theory.notes (mk_notes posss names simpss)

      #>> pair ts o map snd)

  end;

in

val add_primrec = gen_primrec Specification.check_spec;

val add_primrec_cmd = gen_primrec Specification.read_spec;

end;

fun add_primrec_global fixes specs thy =

  let

    val lthy = Named_Target.theory_init thy;

    val ((ts, simps), lthy') = add_primrec fixes specs lthy;

    val simps' = burrow (Proof_Context.export lthy' lthy) simps;

  in ((ts, simps'), Local_Theory.exit_global lthy') end;

fun add_primrec_overloaded ops fixes specs thy =

  let

    val lthy = Overloading.overloading ops thy;

    val ((ts, simps), lthy') = add_primrec fixes specs lthy;

    val simps' = burrow (Proof_Context.export lthy' lthy) simps;

  in ((ts, simps'), Local_Theory.exit_global lthy') end;

(* Primcorec *)

type coeqn_data_disc = {

  fun_name: string,

  fun_T: typ,

  fun_args: term list,

  ctr: term,

  ctr_no: int, (*###*)

  disc: term,

  prems: term list,

  auto_gen: bool,

  maybe_ctr_rhs: term option,

  maybe_code_rhs: term option,

  user_eqn: term

};

type coeqn_data_sel = {

  fun_name: string,

  fun_T: typ,

  fun_args: term list,

  ctr: term,

  sel: term,

  rhs_term: term,

  user_eqn: term

};

datatype coeqn_data =

  Disc of coeqn_data_disc |

  Sel of coeqn_data_sel;

fun dissect_coeqn_disc seq fun_names (basic_ctr_specss : basic_corec_ctr_spec list list)

    maybe_ctr_rhs maybe_code_rhs prems' concl matchedsss =

  let

    fun find_subterm p = let (* FIXME \<exists>? *)

      fun f (t as u $ v) = if p t then SOME t else merge_options (f u, f v)

        | f t = if p t then SOME t else NONE

      in f end;

    val applied_fun = concl

      |> find_subterm (member ((op =) o apsnd SOME) fun_names o try (fst o dest_Free o head_of))

      |> the

      handle Option.Option => primrec_error_eqn "malformed discriminator formula" concl;

    val ((fun_name, fun_T), fun_args) = strip_comb applied_fun |>> dest_Free;

    val SOME basic_ctr_specs = AList.lookup (op =) (fun_names ~~ basic_ctr_specss) fun_name;

    val discs = map #disc basic_ctr_specs;

    val ctrs = map #ctr basic_ctr_specs;

    val not_disc = head_of concl = @{term Not};

    val _ = not_disc andalso length ctrs <> 2 andalso

      primrec_error_eqn "negated discriminator for a type with \<noteq> 2 constructors" concl;

    val disc' = find_subterm (member (op =) discs o head_of) concl;

    val eq_ctr0 = concl |> perhaps (try HOLogic.dest_not) |> try (HOLogic.dest_eq #> snd)

        |> (fn SOME t => let val n = find_index (equal t) ctrs in

          if n >= 0 then SOME n else NONE end | _ => NONE);

    val _ = is_some disc' orelse is_some eq_ctr0 orelse

      primrec_error_eqn "no discriminator in equation" concl;

    val ctr_no' =

      if is_none disc' then the eq_ctr0 else find_index (equal (head_of (the disc'))) discs;

    val ctr_no = if not_disc then 1 - ctr_no' else ctr_no';

    val {ctr, disc, ...} = nth basic_ctr_specs ctr_no;

    val catch_all = try (fst o dest_Free o the_single) prems' = SOME Name.uu_;

    val matchedss = AList.lookup (op =) matchedsss fun_name |> the_default [];

    val prems = map (abstract (List.rev fun_args)) prems';

    val real_prems =

      (if catch_all orelse seq then maps s_not_conj matchedss else []) @

      (if catch_all then [] else prems);

    val matchedsss' = AList.delete (op =) fun_name matchedsss

      |> cons (fun_name, if seq then matchedss @ [prems] else matchedss @ [real_prems]);

    val user_eqn =

      (real_prems, concl)

      |>> map HOLogic.mk_Trueprop ||> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop o abstract (List.rev fun_args)

      |> curry Logic.list_all (map dest_Free fun_args) o Logic.list_implies;

  in

    (Disc {

      fun_name = fun_name,

      fun_T = fun_T,

      fun_args = fun_args,

      ctr = ctr,

      ctr_no = ctr_no,

      disc = disc,

      prems = real_prems,

      auto_gen = catch_all,

      maybe_ctr_rhs = maybe_ctr_rhs,

      maybe_code_rhs = maybe_code_rhs,

      user_eqn = user_eqn

    }, matchedsss')

  end;

fun dissect_coeqn_sel fun_names (basic_ctr_specss : basic_corec_ctr_spec list list) eqn'

    maybe_of_spec eqn =

  let

    val (lhs, rhs) = HOLogic.dest_eq eqn

      handle TERM _ =>

        primrec_error_eqn "malformed function equation (expected \"lhs = rhs\")" eqn;

    val sel = head_of lhs;

    val ((fun_name, fun_T), fun_args) = dest_comb lhs |> snd |> strip_comb |> apfst dest_Free

      handle TERM _ =>

        primrec_error_eqn "malformed selector argument in left-hand side" eqn;

    val basic_ctr_specs = the (AList.lookup (op =) (fun_names ~~ basic_ctr_specss) fun_name)

      handle Option.Option => primrec_error_eqn "malformed selector argument in left-hand side" eqn;

    val {ctr, ...} =

      (case maybe_of_spec of

        SOME of_spec => the (find_first (equal of_spec o #ctr) basic_ctr_specs)

      | NONE => filter (exists (equal sel) o #sels) basic_ctr_specs |> the_single

          handle List.Empty => primrec_error_eqn "ambiguous selector - use \"of\"" eqn);

    val user_eqn = drop_All eqn';

  in

    Sel {

      fun_name = fun_name,

      fun_T = fun_T,

      fun_args = fun_args,

      ctr = ctr,

      sel = sel,

      rhs_term = rhs,

      user_eqn = user_eqn

    }

  end;

fun dissect_coeqn_ctr seq fun_names (basic_ctr_specss : basic_corec_ctr_spec list list) eqn'

    maybe_code_rhs prems concl matchedsss =

  let

    val (lhs, rhs) = HOLogic.dest_eq concl;

    val (fun_name, fun_args) = strip_comb lhs |>> fst o dest_Free;

    val SOME basic_ctr_specs = AList.lookup (op =) (fun_names ~~ basic_ctr_specss) fun_name;

    val (ctr, ctr_args) = strip_comb (unfold_let rhs);

    val {disc, sels, ...} = the (find_first (equal ctr o #ctr) basic_ctr_specs)

      handle Option.Option => primrec_error_eqn "not a constructor" ctr;

    val disc_concl = betapply (disc, lhs);

    val (maybe_eqn_data_disc, matchedsss') = if length basic_ctr_specs = 1

      then (NONE, matchedsss)

      else apfst SOME (dissect_coeqn_disc seq fun_names basic_ctr_specss

          (SOME (abstract (List.rev fun_args) rhs)) maybe_code_rhs prems disc_concl matchedsss);

    val sel_concls = sels ~~ ctr_args

      |> map (fn (sel, ctr_arg) => HOLogic.mk_eq (betapply (sel, lhs), ctr_arg));

(*

val _ = tracing ("reduced\n    " ^ Syntax.string_of_term @{context} concl ^ "\nto\n    \<cdot> " ^

 (is_some maybe_eqn_data_disc ? K (Syntax.string_of_term @{context} disc_concl ^ "\n    \<cdot> ")) "" ^

 space_implode "\n    \<cdot> " (map (Syntax.string_of_term @{context}) sel_concls) ^

 "\nfor premise(s)\n    \<cdot> " ^

 space_implode "\n    \<cdot> " (map (Syntax.string_of_term @{context}) prems));

*)

    val eqns_data_sel =

      map (dissect_coeqn_sel fun_names basic_ctr_specss eqn' (SOME ctr)) sel_concls;

  in

    (the_list maybe_eqn_data_disc @ eqns_data_sel, matchedsss')

  end;

fun dissect_coeqn_code lthy has_call fun_names basic_ctr_specss eqn' concl matchedsss =

  let

    val (lhs, (rhs', rhs)) = HOLogic.dest_eq concl ||> `(expand_corec_code_rhs lthy has_call []);

    val (fun_name, fun_args) = strip_comb lhs |>> fst o dest_Free;

    val SOME basic_ctr_specs = AList.lookup (op =) (fun_names ~~ basic_ctr_specss) fun_name;

    val cond_ctrs = fold_rev_corec_code_rhs lthy (fn cs => fn ctr => fn _ =>

        if member ((op =) o apsnd #ctr) basic_ctr_specs ctr

        then cons (ctr, cs)

        else primrec_error_eqn "not a constructor" ctr) [] rhs' []

      |> AList.group (op =);

    val ctr_premss = (case cond_ctrs of [_] => [[]] | _ => map (s_dnf o snd) cond_ctrs);

    val ctr_concls = cond_ctrs |> map (fn (ctr, _) =>

        binder_types (fastype_of ctr)

        |> map_index (fn (n, T) => massage_corec_code_rhs lthy (fn _ => fn ctr' => fn args =>

          if ctr' = ctr then nth args n else Const (@{const_name undefined}, T)) [] rhs')

        |> curry list_comb ctr

        |> curry HOLogic.mk_eq lhs);

  in

    fold_map2 (dissect_coeqn_ctr false fun_names basic_ctr_specss eqn'

        (SOME (abstract (List.rev fun_args) rhs)))

      ctr_premss ctr_concls matchedsss

  end;

fun dissect_coeqn lthy seq has_call fun_names (basic_ctr_specss : basic_corec_ctr_spec list list)

    eqn' maybe_of_spec matchedsss =

  let

    val eqn = drop_All eqn'

      handle TERM _ => primrec_error_eqn "malformed function equation" eqn';

    val (prems, concl) = Logic.strip_horn eqn

      |> apfst (map HOLogic.dest_Trueprop) o apsnd HOLogic.dest_Trueprop;

    val head = concl

      |> perhaps (try HOLogic.dest_not) |> perhaps (try (fst o HOLogic.dest_eq))

      |> head_of;

    val maybe_rhs = concl |> perhaps (try HOLogic.dest_not) |> try (snd o HOLogic.dest_eq);

    val discs = maps (map #disc) basic_ctr_specss;

    val sels = maps (maps #sels) basic_ctr_specss;

    val ctrs = maps (map #ctr) basic_ctr_specss;

  in

    if member (op =) discs head orelse

      is_some maybe_rhs andalso

        member (op =) (filter (null o binder_types o fastype_of) ctrs) (the maybe_rhs) then

      dissect_coeqn_disc seq fun_names basic_ctr_specss NONE NONE prems concl matchedsss

      |>> single

    else if member (op =) sels head then

      ([dissect_coeqn_sel fun_names basic_ctr_specss eqn' maybe_of_spec concl], matchedsss)

    else if is_Free head andalso member (op =) fun_names (fst (dest_Free head)) andalso

      member (op =) ctrs (head_of (unfold_let (the maybe_rhs))) then

      dissect_coeqn_ctr seq fun_names basic_ctr_specss eqn' NONE prems concl matchedsss

    else if is_Free head andalso member (op =) fun_names (fst (dest_Free head)) andalso

      null prems then

      dissect_coeqn_code lthy has_call fun_names basic_ctr_specss eqn' concl matchedsss

      |>> flat

    else

      primrec_error_eqn "malformed function equation" eqn

  end;

fun build_corec_arg_disc (ctr_specs : corec_ctr_spec list)

    ({fun_args, ctr_no, prems, ...} : coeqn_data_disc) =

  if is_none (#pred (nth ctr_specs ctr_no)) then I else

    s_conjs prems

    |> curry subst_bounds (List.rev fun_args)

    |> HOLogic.tupled_lambda (HOLogic.mk_tuple fun_args)

    |> K |> nth_map (the (#pred (nth ctr_specs ctr_no)));

fun build_corec_arg_no_call (sel_eqns : coeqn_data_sel list) sel =

  find_first (equal sel o #sel) sel_eqns

  |> try (fn SOME {fun_args, rhs_term, ...} => abs_tuple fun_args rhs_term)

  |> the_default undef_const

  |> K;

fun build_corec_args_mutual_call lthy has_call (sel_eqns : coeqn_data_sel list) sel =

  (case find_first (equal sel o #sel) sel_eqns of

    NONE => (I, I, I)

  | SOME {fun_args, rhs_term, ... } =>

    let

      val bound_Ts = List.rev (map fastype_of fun_args);

      fun rewrite_stop _ t = if has_call t then @{term False} else @{term True};

      fun rewrite_end _ t = if has_call t then undef_const else t;

      fun rewrite_cont bound_Ts t =

        if has_call t then mk_tuple1 bound_Ts (snd (strip_comb t)) else undef_const;

      fun massage f _ = massage_mutual_corec_call lthy has_call f bound_Ts rhs_term

        |> abs_tuple fun_args;

    in

      (massage rewrite_stop, massage rewrite_end, massage rewrite_cont)

    end);

fun build_corec_arg_nested_call lthy has_call (sel_eqns : coeqn_data_sel list) sel =

  (case find_first (equal sel o #sel) sel_eqns of

    NONE => I

  | SOME {fun_args, rhs_term, ...} =>

    let

      val bound_Ts = List.rev (map fastype_of fun_args);

      fun rewrite bound_Ts U T (Abs (v, V, b)) = Abs (v, V, rewrite (V :: bound_Ts) U T b)

        | rewrite bound_Ts U T (t as _ $ _) =

          let val (u, vs) = strip_comb t in

            if is_Free u andalso has_call u then

              Inr_const U T $ mk_tuple1 bound_Ts vs

            else if const_name u = SOME @{const_name prod_case} then

              map (rewrite bound_Ts U T) vs |> chop 1 |>> HOLogic.mk_split o the_single |> list_comb

            else

              list_comb (rewrite bound_Ts U T u, map (rewrite bound_Ts U T) vs)

          end

        | rewrite _ U T t =

          if is_Free t andalso has_call t then Inr_const U T $ HOLogic.unit else t;

      fun massage t =

        rhs_term

        |> massage_nested_corec_call lthy has_call rewrite bound_Ts (range_type (fastype_of t))

        |> abs_tuple fun_args;

    in

      massage

    end);

fun build_corec_args_sel lthy has_call (all_sel_eqns : coeqn_data_sel list)

    (ctr_spec : corec_ctr_spec) =

  (case filter (equal (#ctr ctr_spec) o #ctr) all_sel_eqns of

    [] => I

  | sel_eqns =>

    let

      val sel_call_list = #sels ctr_spec ~~ #calls ctr_spec;

      val no_calls' = map_filter (try (apsnd (fn No_Corec n => n))) sel_call_list;

      val mutual_calls' = map_filter (try (apsnd (fn Mutual_Corec n => n))) sel_call_list;

      val nested_calls' = map_filter (try (apsnd (fn Nested_Corec n => n))) sel_call_list;

    in

      I

      #> fold (fn (sel, n) => nth_map n (build_corec_arg_no_call sel_eqns sel)) no_calls'

      #> fold (fn (sel, (q, g, h)) =>

        let val (fq, fg, fh) = build_corec_args_mutual_call lthy has_call sel_eqns sel in

          nth_map q fq o nth_map g fg o nth_map h fh end) mutual_calls'

      #> fold (fn (sel, n) => nth_map n

        (build_corec_arg_nested_call lthy has_call sel_eqns sel)) nested_calls'

    end);

fun build_codefs lthy bs mxs has_call arg_Tss (corec_specs : corec_spec list)

    (disc_eqnss : coeqn_data_disc list list) (sel_eqnss : coeqn_data_sel list list) =

  let

    val corecs = map #corec corec_specs;

    val ctr_specss = map #ctr_specs corec_specs;

    val corec_args = hd corecs

      |> fst o split_last o binder_types o fastype_of

      |> map (Const o pair @{const_name undefined})

      |> fold2 (fold o build_corec_arg_disc) ctr_specss disc_eqnss

      |> fold2 (fold o build_corec_args_sel lthy has_call) sel_eqnss ctr_specss;

    fun currys [] t = t

      | currys Ts t = t $ mk_tuple1 (List.rev Ts) (map Bound (length Ts - 1 downto 0))

          |> fold_rev (Term.abs o pair Name.uu) Ts;

(*

val _ = tracing ("corecursor arguments:\n    \<cdot> " ^

 space_implode "\n    \<cdot> " (map (Syntax.string_of_term lthy) corec_args));

*)

    val exclss' =

      disc_eqnss

      |> map (map (fn x => (#fun_args x, #ctr_no x, #prems x, #auto_gen x))

        #> fst o (fn xs => fold_map (fn x => fn ys => ((x, ys), ys @ [x])) xs [])

        #> maps (uncurry (map o pair)

          #> map (fn ((fun_args, c, x, a), (_, c', y, a')) =>

              ((c, c', a orelse a'), (x, s_not (s_conjs y)))

            ||> apfst (map HOLogic.mk_Trueprop) o apsnd HOLogic.mk_Trueprop

            ||> Logic.list_implies

            ||> curry Logic.list_all (map dest_Free fun_args))))

  in

    map (list_comb o rpair corec_args) corecs

    |> map2 (fn Ts => fn t => if length Ts = 0 then t $ HOLogic.unit else t) arg_Tss

    |> map2 currys arg_Tss

    |> Syntax.check_terms lthy

    |> map3 (fn b => fn mx => fn t => ((b, mx), ((Binding.conceal (Thm.def_binding b), []), t)))

      bs mxs

    |> rpair exclss'

  end;

fun mk_real_disc_eqns fun_binding arg_Ts ({ctr_specs, ...} : corec_spec)

    (sel_eqns : coeqn_data_sel list) (disc_eqns : coeqn_data_disc list) =

  if length disc_eqns <> length ctr_specs - 1 then disc_eqns else

    let

      val n = 0 upto length ctr_specs

        |> the o find_first (fn idx => not (exists (equal idx o #ctr_no) disc_eqns));

      val fun_args = (try (#fun_args o hd) disc_eqns, try (#fun_args o hd) sel_eqns)

        |> the_default (map (curry Free Name.uu) arg_Ts) o merge_options;

      val extra_disc_eqn = {

        fun_name = Binding.name_of fun_binding,

        fun_T = arg_Ts ---> body_type (fastype_of (#ctr (hd ctr_specs))),

        fun_args = fun_args,

        ctr = #ctr (nth ctr_specs n),

        ctr_no = n,

        disc = #disc (nth ctr_specs n),

        prems = maps (s_not_conj o #prems) disc_eqns,

        auto_gen = true,

        maybe_ctr_rhs = NONE,

        maybe_code_rhs = NONE,

        user_eqn = undef_const};

    in

      chop n disc_eqns ||> cons extra_disc_eqn |> (op @)

    end;

fun find_corec_calls has_call basic_ctr_specs {ctr, sel, rhs_term, ...} =

  let

    val sel_no = find_first (equal ctr o #ctr) basic_ctr_specs

      |> find_index (equal sel) o #sels o the;

    fun find (Abs (_, _, b)) = find b

      | find (t as _ $ _) =

        let val (f, args as arg :: _) = strip_comb t in

          if is_Free f andalso has_call f orelse is_Free arg andalso has_call arg then

            [t]

          else

            find f @ maps find args

        end

      | find f = if is_Free f andalso has_call f then [f] else [];

  in

    find rhs_term

    |> K |> nth_map sel_no |> AList.map_entry (op =) ctr

  end;

fun add_primcorec_ursive maybe_tac seq fixes specs maybe_of_specs lthy =

  let

    val (bs, mxs) = map_split (apfst fst) fixes;

    val (arg_Ts, res_Ts) = map (strip_type o snd o fst #>> HOLogic.mk_tupleT) fixes |> split_list;

    val fun_names = map Binding.name_of bs;

    val basic_ctr_specss = map (basic_corec_specs_of lthy) res_Ts;

    val has_call = exists_subterm (map (fst #>> Binding.name_of #> Free) fixes |> member (op =));

    val eqns_data =

      fold_map2 (dissect_coeqn lthy seq has_call fun_names basic_ctr_specss) (map snd specs)

        maybe_of_specs []

      |> flat o fst;

    val callssss =

      map_filter (try (fn Sel x => x)) eqns_data

      |> partition_eq ((op =) o pairself #fun_name)

      |> fst o finds (fn (x, ({fun_name, ...} :: _)) => x = fun_name) fun_names

      |> map (flat o snd)

      |> map2 (fold o find_corec_calls has_call) basic_ctr_specss

      |> map2 (curry (op |>)) (map (map (fn {ctr, sels, ...} =>

        (ctr, map (K []) sels))) basic_ctr_specss);

(*

val _ = tracing ("callssss = " ^ @{make_string} callssss);

*)

    val ((n2m, corec_specs', _, coinduct_thm, strong_coinduct_thm, coinduct_thms,

          strong_coinduct_thms), lthy') =

      corec_specs_of bs arg_Ts res_Ts (get_indices fixes) callssss lthy;

    val actual_nn = length bs;

    val corec_specs = take actual_nn corec_specs'; (*###*)

    val ctr_specss = map #ctr_specs corec_specs;

    val disc_eqnss' = map_filter (try (fn Disc x => x)) eqns_data

      |> partition_eq ((op =) o pairself #fun_name)

      |> fst o finds (fn (x, ({fun_name, ...} :: _)) => x = fun_name) fun_names

      |> map (sort ((op <) o pairself #ctr_no |> make_ord) o flat o snd);

    val _ = disc_eqnss' |> map (fn x =>

      let val d = duplicates ((op =) o pairself #ctr_no) x in null d orelse

        primrec_error_eqns "excess discriminator formula in definition"

          (maps (fn t => filter (equal (#ctr_no t) o #ctr_no) x) d |> map #user_eqn) end);

    val sel_eqnss = map_filter (try (fn Sel x => x)) eqns_data

      |> partition_eq ((op =) o pairself #fun_name)

      |> fst o finds (fn (x, ({fun_name, ...} :: _)) => x = fun_name) fun_names

      |> map (flat o snd);

    val arg_Tss = map (binder_types o snd o fst) fixes;

    val disc_eqnss = map5 mk_real_disc_eqns bs arg_Tss corec_specs sel_eqnss disc_eqnss';

    val (defs, exclss') =

      build_codefs lthy' bs mxs has_call arg_Tss corec_specs disc_eqnss sel_eqnss;

    fun excl_tac (c, c', a) =

      if a orelse c = c' orelse seq then SOME (K (HEADGOAL (mk_primcorec_assumption_tac lthy [])))

      else maybe_tac;

(*

val _ = tracing ("exclusiveness properties:\n    \<cdot> " ^

 space_implode "\n    \<cdot> " (maps (map (Syntax.string_of_term lthy o snd)) exclss'));

*)

    val exclss'' = exclss' |> map (map (fn (idx, t) =>

      (idx, (Option.map (Goal.prove lthy [] [] t #> Thm.close_derivation) (excl_tac idx), t))));

    val taut_thmss = map (map (apsnd (the o fst)) o filter (is_some o fst o snd)) exclss'';

    val (goal_idxss, goalss) = exclss''

      |> map (map (apsnd (rpair [] o snd)) o filter (is_none o fst o snd))

      |> split_list o map split_list;

    fun prove thmss' def_thms' lthy =

      let

        val def_thms = map (snd o snd) def_thms';

        val exclss' = map (op ~~) (goal_idxss ~~ thmss');

        fun mk_exclsss excls n =

          (excls, map (fn k => replicate k [TrueI] @ replicate (n - k) []) (0 upto n - 1))

          |-> fold (fn ((c, c', _), thm) => nth_map c (nth_map c' (K [thm])));

        val exclssss = (exclss' ~~ taut_thmss |> map (op @), fun_names ~~ corec_specs)

          |-> map2 (fn excls => fn (_, {ctr_specs, ...}) => mk_exclsss excls (length ctr_specs));

        fun prove_disc ({ctr_specs, ...} : corec_spec) exclsss

            ({fun_name, fun_T, fun_args, ctr_no, prems, ...} : coeqn_data_disc) =

          if Term.aconv_untyped (#disc (nth ctr_specs ctr_no), @{term "\<lambda>x. x = x"}) then [] else

            let

              val {disc_corec, ...} = nth ctr_specs ctr_no;

              val k = 1 + ctr_no;

              val m = length prems;

              val t =

                list_comb (Free (fun_name, fun_T), map Bound (length fun_args - 1 downto 0))

                |> curry betapply (#disc (nth ctr_specs ctr_no)) (*###*)

                |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop

                |> curry Logic.list_implies (map HOLogic.mk_Trueprop prems)

                |> curry Logic.list_all (map dest_Free fun_args);

            in

              if prems = [@{term False}] then [] else

              mk_primcorec_disc_tac lthy def_thms disc_corec k m exclsss

              |> K |> Goal.prove lthy [] [] t

              |> Thm.close_derivation

              |> pair (#disc (nth ctr_specs ctr_no))

              |> single

            end;

        fun prove_sel ({nested_maps, nested_map_idents, nested_map_comps, ctr_specs, ...}

            : corec_spec) (disc_eqns : coeqn_data_disc list) exclsss

            ({fun_name, fun_T, fun_args, ctr, sel, rhs_term, ...} : coeqn_data_sel) =

          let

            val SOME ctr_spec = find_first (equal ctr o #ctr) ctr_specs;

            val ctr_no = find_index (equal ctr o #ctr) ctr_specs;

            val prems = the_default (maps (s_not_conj o #prems) disc_eqns)

                (find_first (equal ctr_no o #ctr_no) disc_eqns |> Option.map #prems);

            val sel_corec = find_index (equal sel) (#sels ctr_spec)

              |> nth (#sel_corecs ctr_spec);

            val k = 1 + ctr_no;

            val m = length prems;

            val t =

              list_comb (Free (fun_name, fun_T), map Bound (length fun_args - 1 downto 0))

              |> curry betapply sel

              |> rpair (abstract (List.rev fun_args) rhs_term)

              |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop o HOLogic.mk_eq

              |> curry Logic.list_implies (map HOLogic.mk_Trueprop prems)

              |> curry Logic.list_all (map dest_Free fun_args);

            val (distincts, _, sel_splits, sel_split_asms) = case_thms_of_term lthy [] rhs_term;

          in

            mk_primcorec_sel_tac lthy def_thms distincts sel_splits sel_split_asms nested_maps

              nested_map_idents nested_map_comps sel_corec k m exclsss

            |> K |> Goal.prove lthy [] [] t

            |> Thm.close_derivation

            |> pair sel

          end;

        fun prove_ctr disc_alist sel_alist (disc_eqns : coeqn_data_disc list)

            (sel_eqns : coeqn_data_sel list) ({ctr, disc, sels, collapse, ...} : corec_ctr_spec) =

          (* don't try to prove theorems when some sel_eqns are missing *)

          if not (exists (equal ctr o #ctr) disc_eqns)

              andalso not (exists (equal ctr o #ctr) sel_eqns)

            orelse

              filter (equal ctr o #ctr) sel_eqns

              |> fst o finds ((op =) o apsnd #sel) sels

              |> exists (null o snd)

          then [] else

            let

              val (fun_name, fun_T, fun_args, prems, maybe_rhs) =

                (find_first (equal ctr o #ctr) disc_eqns, find_first (equal ctr o #ctr) sel_eqns)

                |>> Option.map (fn x => (#fun_name x, #fun_T x, #fun_args x, #prems x,

                  #maybe_ctr_rhs x))

                ||> Option.map (fn x => (#fun_name x, #fun_T x, #fun_args x, [], NONE))

                |> the o merge_options;

              val m = length prems;

              val t = (if is_some maybe_rhs then the maybe_rhs else

                  filter (equal ctr o #ctr) sel_eqns

                  |> fst o finds ((op =) o apsnd #sel) sels

                  |> map (snd #> (fn [x] => (List.rev (#fun_args x), #rhs_term x)) #-> abstract)

                  |> curry list_comb ctr)

                |> curry HOLogic.mk_eq (list_comb (Free (fun_name, fun_T),

                  map Bound (length fun_args - 1 downto 0)))

                |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop

                |> curry Logic.list_implies (map HOLogic.mk_Trueprop prems)

                |> curry Logic.list_all (map dest_Free fun_args);

              val maybe_disc_thm = AList.lookup (op =) disc_alist disc;

              val sel_thms = map snd (filter (member (op =) sels o fst) sel_alist);

            in

              if prems = [@{term False}] then [] else

                mk_primcorec_ctr_of_dtr_tac lthy m collapse maybe_disc_thm sel_thms

                |> K |> Goal.prove lthy [] [] t

                |> Thm.close_derivation

                |> pair ctr

                |> single

            end;

        fun prove_code disc_eqns sel_eqns ctr_alist ctr_specs =

          let

            val (fun_name, fun_T, fun_args, maybe_rhs) =