%

\begin{isabellebody}%

\def\isabellecontext{Basics}%

%

\isadelimtheory

\isanewline

\isanewline

%

\endisadelimtheory

%

\isatagtheory

\isacommand{theory}\isamarkupfalse%

\ Basics\isanewline

\isakeyword{imports}\ Pure\isanewline

\isakeyword{begin}%

\endisatagtheory

{\isafoldtheory}%

%

\isadelimtheory

%

\endisadelimtheory

%

\isamarkupchapter{The Isabelle system environment%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

This manual describes Isabelle together with related tools and user

  interfaces as seen from a system oriented view.  See also the

  \emph{Isabelle/Isar Reference Manual}~\cite{isabelle-isar-ref} for

  the actual Isabelle input language and related concepts.

  \medskip The Isabelle system environment provides the following

  basic infrastructure to integrate tools smoothly.

  \begin{enumerate}

  \item The \emph{Isabelle settings} mechanism provides process

  environment variables to all Isabelle executables (including tools

  and user interfaces).

  \item The \emph{raw Isabelle process} (\indexref{}{executable}{isabelle-process}\hyperlink{executable.isabelle-process}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle{\isacharminus}process}}}}) runs logic sessions either interactively or in

  batch mode.  In particular, this view abstracts over the invocation

  of the actual ML system to be used.  Regular users rarely need to

  care about the low-level process.

  \item The \emph{Isabelle tools wrapper} (\indexref{}{executable}{isabelle}\hyperlink{executable.isabelle}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle}}}})

  provides a generic startup environment Isabelle related utilities,

  user interfaces etc.  Such tools automatically benefit from the

  settings mechanism.

  \end{enumerate}%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsection{Isabelle settings \label{sec:settings}%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

The Isabelle system heavily depends on the \emph{settings

  mechanism}\indexbold{settings}.  Essentially, this is a statically

  scoped collection of environment variables, such as \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}, \hyperlink{setting.ML-SYSTEM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}SYSTEM}}}}, \hyperlink{setting.ML-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}.  These

  variables are \emph{not} intended to be set directly from the shell,

  though.  Isabelle employs a somewhat more sophisticated scheme of

  \emph{settings files} --- one for site-wide defaults, another for

  additional user-specific modifications.  With all configuration

  variables in at most two places, this scheme is more maintainable

  and user-friendly than global shell environment variables.

  In particular, we avoid the typical situation where prospective

  users of a software package are told to put several things into

  their shell startup scripts, before being able to actually run the

  program. Isabelle requires none such administrative chores of its

  end-users --- the executables can be invoked straight away.

  Occasionally, users would still want to put the \hyperlink{file.$ISABELLE-HOME/bin}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachardollar}ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharslash}bin}}}} directory into their shell's search path, but

  this is not required.%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsubsection{Building the environment%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

Whenever any of the Isabelle executables is run, their settings

  environment is put together as follows.

  \begin{enumerate}

  \item The special variable \indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_HOME}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}} is

  determined automatically from the location of the binary that has

  been run.

  You should not try to set \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}} manually. Also

  note that the Isabelle executables either have to be run from their

  original location in the distribution directory, or via the

  executable objects created by the \hyperlink{tool.install}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{install}}}} utility.  Symbolic

  links are admissible, but a plain copy of the \hyperlink{file.$ISABELLE-HOME/bin}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachardollar}ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharslash}bin}}}} files will not work!

  \item The file \hyperlink{file.$ISABELLE-HOME/etc/settings}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachardollar}ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharslash}etc{\isacharslash}settings}}}} ist run as a

  \indexref{}{executable}{bash}\hyperlink{executable.bash}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{bash}}}} shell script with the auto-export option for

  variables enabled.

  This file holds a rather long list of shell variable assigments,

  thus providing the site-wide default settings.  The Isabelle

  distribution already contains a global settings file with sensible

  defaults for most variables.  When installing the system, only a few

  of these may have to be adapted (probably \hyperlink{setting.ML-SYSTEM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}SYSTEM}}}}

  etc.).

  \item The file \verb|$ISABELLE_HOME_USER/etc/settings| (if it

  exists) is run in the same way as the site default settings. Note

  that the variable \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME-USER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharunderscore}USER}}}} has already been set

  before --- usually to \verb|~/.isabelle|.

  Thus individual users may override the site-wide defaults.  See also

  file \hyperlink{file.$ISABELLE-HOME/etc/user-settings.sample}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachardollar}ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharslash}etc{\isacharslash}user{\isacharminus}settings{\isachardot}sample}}}} in the

  distribution.  Typically, a user settings file would contain only a

  few lines, just the assigments that are really changed.  One should

  definitely \emph{not} start with a full copy the basic \hyperlink{file.$ISABELLE-HOME/etc/settings}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachardollar}ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharslash}etc{\isacharslash}settings}}}}. This could cause very annoying

  maintainance problems later, when the Isabelle installation is

  updated or changed otherwise.

  \end{enumerate}

  Since settings files are regular GNU \indexdef{}{executable}{bash}\hypertarget{executable.bash}{\hyperlink{executable.bash}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{bash}}}}} scripts,

  one may use complex shell commands, such as \verb|if| or

  \verb|case| statements to set variables depending on the

  system architecture or other environment variables.  Such advanced

  features should be added only with great care, though. In

  particular, external environment references should be kept at a

  minimum.

  \medskip A few variables are somewhat special:

  \begin{itemize}

  \item \indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_PROCESS}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-PROCESS}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-PROCESS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}PROCESS}}}}} and \indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_TOOL}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-TOOL}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-TOOL}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}TOOL}}}}} are set

  automatically to the absolute path names of the \hyperlink{executable.isabelle-process}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle{\isacharminus}process}}}} and \hyperlink{executable.isabelle}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle}}}} executables,

  respectively.

  \item \indexref{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_OUTPUT}\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-OUTPUT}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}OUTPUT}}}} will have the identifiers of

  the Isabelle distribution (cf.\ \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}}) and

  the ML system (cf.\ \hyperlink{setting.ML-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}}) appended automatically

  to its value.

  \end{itemize}

  \medskip Note that the settings environment may be inspected with

  the Isabelle tool \hyperlink{tool.getenv}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{getenv}}}}.  This might help to figure out the

  effect of complex settings scripts.%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsubsection{Common variables%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

This is a reference of common Isabelle settings variables. Note that

  the list is somewhat open-ended. Third-party utilities or interfaces

  may add their own selection. Variables that are special in some

  sense are marked with \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}.

  \begin{description}

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_HOME}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}}\isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}] is the

  location of the top-level Isabelle distribution directory. This is

  automatically determined from the Isabelle executable that has been

  invoked.  Do not attempt to set \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}} yourself

  from the shell!

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_HOME\_USER}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-HOME-USER}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME-USER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharunderscore}USER}}}}}] is the user-specific

  counterpart of \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}. The default value is

  \verb|~/.isabelle|, under rare circumstances this may be

  changed in the global setting file.  Typically, the \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME-USER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharunderscore}USER}}}} directory mimics \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}} to

  some extend. In particular, site-wide defaults may be overridden by

  a private \verb|$ISABELLE_HOME_USER/etc/settings|.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_PROCESS}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-PROCESS}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-PROCESS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}PROCESS}}}}}\isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}, \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-TOOL}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}TOOL}}}}\isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}] are automatically set to the full path

  names of the \hyperlink{executable.isabelle-process}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle{\isacharminus}process}}}} and \hyperlink{executable.isabelle}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle}}}} executables, respectively.  Thus other tools and scripts

  need not assume that the \hyperlink{file.$ISABELLE-HOME/bin}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachardollar}ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharslash}bin}}}} directory is

  on the current search path of the shell.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_IDENTIFIER}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-IDENTIFIER}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}}}\isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}] refers

  to the name of this Isabelle distribution, e.g.\ ``\verb|Isabelle2008|''.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ML\_SYSTEM}\hypertarget{setting.ML-SYSTEM}{\hyperlink{setting.ML-SYSTEM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}SYSTEM}}}}}, \indexdef{}{setting}{ML\_HOME}\hypertarget{setting.ML-HOME}{\hyperlink{setting.ML-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}},

  \indexdef{}{setting}{ML\_OPTIONS}\hypertarget{setting.ML-OPTIONS}{\hyperlink{setting.ML-OPTIONS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}OPTIONS}}}}}, \indexdef{}{setting}{ML\_PLATFORM}\hypertarget{setting.ML-PLATFORM}{\hyperlink{setting.ML-PLATFORM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}PLATFORM}}}}}, \indexdef{}{setting}{ML\_IDENTIFIER}\hypertarget{setting.ML-IDENTIFIER}{\hyperlink{setting.ML-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}}}\isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}] specify the underlying ML system

  to be used for Isabelle.  There is only a fixed set of admissable

  \hyperlink{setting.ML-SYSTEM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}SYSTEM}}}} names (see the \hyperlink{file.$ISABELLE-HOME/etc/settings}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachardollar}ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME{\isacharslash}etc{\isacharslash}settings}}}} file of the distribution).

  The actual compiler binary will be run from the directory \hyperlink{setting.ML-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}, with \hyperlink{setting.ML-OPTIONS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}OPTIONS}}}} as first arguments on the

  command line.  The optional \hyperlink{setting.ML-PLATFORM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}PLATFORM}}}} may specify the

  binary format of ML heap images, which is useful for cross-platform

  installations.  The value of \hyperlink{setting.ML-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}} is

  automatically obtained by composing the values of \hyperlink{setting.ML-SYSTEM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}SYSTEM}}}}, \hyperlink{setting.ML-PLATFORM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}PLATFORM}}}} and the Isabelle version values.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_PATH}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-PATH}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-PATH}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}PATH}}}}}] is a list of directories

  (separated by colons) where Isabelle logic images may reside.  When

  looking up heaps files, the value of \hyperlink{setting.ML-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}} is

  appended to each component internally.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_OUTPUT}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-OUTPUT}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-OUTPUT}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}OUTPUT}}}}}\isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}] is a

  directory where output heap files should be stored by default. The

  ML system and Isabelle version identifier is appended here, too.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_BROWSER\_INFO}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-BROWSER-INFO}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-BROWSER-INFO}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}BROWSER{\isacharunderscore}INFO}}}}}] is the directory where

  theory browser information (HTML text, graph data, and printable

  documents) is stored (see also \secref{sec:info}).  The default

  value is \verb|$ISABELLE_HOME_USER/browser_info|.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_LOGIC}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-LOGIC}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-LOGIC}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}LOGIC}}}}}] specifies the default logic to

  load if none is given explicitely by the user.  The default value is

  \verb|HOL|.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_LINE\_EDITOR}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-LINE-EDITOR}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-LINE-EDITOR}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}LINE{\isacharunderscore}EDITOR}}}}}] specifies the default

  line editor for the \indexref{}{tool}{tty}\hyperlink{tool.tty}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{tty}}}} interface.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_USEDIR\_OPTIONS}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-USEDIR-OPTIONS}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-USEDIR-OPTIONS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}USEDIR{\isacharunderscore}OPTIONS}}}}}] is implicitly prefixed

  to the command line of any \indexref{}{tool}{usedir}\hyperlink{tool.usedir}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{usedir}}}} invocation. This

  typically contains compilation options for object-logics --- \hyperlink{tool.usedir}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{usedir}}}} is the basic utility for managing logic sessions (cf.\ the

  \verb|IsaMakefile|s in the distribution).

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_FILE\_IDENT}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-FILE-IDENT}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-FILE-IDENT}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}FILE{\isacharunderscore}IDENT}}}}}] specifies a shell command

  for producing a source file identification, based on the actual

  content instead of the full physical path and date stamp (which is

  the default). A typical identification would produce a ``digest'' of

  the text, using a cryptographic hash function like SHA-1, for

  example.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_LATEX}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-LATEX}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-LATEX}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}LATEX}}}}}, \indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_PDFLATEX}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-PDFLATEX}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-PDFLATEX}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}PDFLATEX}}}}}, \indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_BIBTEX}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-BIBTEX}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-BIBTEX}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}BIBTEX}}}}}, \indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_DVIPS}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-DVIPS}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-DVIPS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}DVIPS}}}}}] refer to {\LaTeX} related tools for Isabelle

  document preparation (see also \secref{sec:tool-latex}).

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_TOOLS}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-TOOLS}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-TOOLS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}TOOLS}}}}}] is a colon separated list of

  directories that are scanned by \hyperlink{executable.isabelle}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle}}}} for external

  utility programs (see also \secref{sec:isabelle-tool}).

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_DOCS}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-DOCS}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-DOCS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}DOCS}}}}}] is a colon separated list of

  directories with documentation files.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_DOC\_FORMAT}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-DOC-FORMAT}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-DOC-FORMAT}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}DOC{\isacharunderscore}FORMAT}}}}}] specifies the preferred

  document format, typically \verb|dvi| or \verb|pdf|.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{DVI\_VIEWER}\hypertarget{setting.DVI-VIEWER}{\hyperlink{setting.DVI-VIEWER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{DVI{\isacharunderscore}VIEWER}}}}}] specifies the command to be used

  for displaying \verb|dvi| files.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{PDF\_VIEWER}\hypertarget{setting.PDF-VIEWER}{\hyperlink{setting.PDF-VIEWER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PDF{\isacharunderscore}VIEWER}}}}}] specifies the command to be used

  for displaying \verb|pdf| files.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{PRINT\_COMMAND}\hypertarget{setting.PRINT-COMMAND}{\hyperlink{setting.PRINT-COMMAND}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PRINT{\isacharunderscore}COMMAND}}}}}] specifies the standard printer

  spool command, which is expected to accept \verb|ps| files.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{ISABELLE\_TMP\_PREFIX}\hypertarget{setting.ISABELLE-TMP-PREFIX}{\hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-TMP-PREFIX}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}TMP{\isacharunderscore}PREFIX}}}}}\isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlsup {\isacharasterisk}{\isachardoublequote}}] is the

  prefix from which any running \hyperlink{executable.isabelle-process}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle{\isacharminus}process}}}}

  derives an individual directory for temporary files.  The default is

  somewhere in \verb|/tmp|.

  \end{description}%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsection{The raw Isabelle process%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

The \indexdef{}{executable}{isabelle-process}\hypertarget{executable.isabelle-process}{\hyperlink{executable.isabelle-process}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle{\isacharminus}process}}}}} executable runs bare-bones

  Isabelle logic sessions --- either interactively or in batch mode.

  It provides an abstraction over the underlying ML system, and over

  the actual heap file locations.  Its usage is:

\begin{ttbox}

Usage: isabelle-process [OPTIONS] [INPUT] [OUTPUT]

  Options are:

    -C           tell ML system to copy output image

    -I           startup Isar interaction mode

    -P           startup Proof General interaction mode

    -S           secure mode -- disallow critical operations

    -W OUTPUT    startup process wrapper, with messages going to OUTPUT stream

    -X           startup PGIP interaction mode

    -c           tell ML system to compress output image

    -e MLTEXT    pass MLTEXT to the ML session

    -f           pass 'Session.finish();' to the ML session

    -m MODE      add print mode for output

    -q           non-interactive session

    -r           open heap file read-only

    -u           pass 'use"ROOT.ML";' to the ML session

    -w           reset write permissions on OUTPUT

  INPUT (default "\$ISABELLE_LOGIC") and OUTPUT specify in/out heaps.

  These are either names to be searched in the Isabelle path, or

  actual file names (containing at least one /).

  If INPUT is "RAW_ML_SYSTEM", just start the bare bones ML system.

\end{ttbox}

  Input files without path specifications are looked up in the

  \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-PATH}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}PATH}}}} setting, which may consist of multiple

  components separated by colons --- these are tried in the given

  order with the value of \hyperlink{setting.ML-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}} appended

  internally.  In a similar way, base names are relative to the

  directory specified by \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-OUTPUT}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}OUTPUT}}}}.  In any case,

  actual file locations may also be given by including at least one

  slash (\verb|/|) in the name (hint: use \verb|./| to

  refer to the current directory).%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsubsubsection{Options%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

If the input heap file does not have write permission bits set, or

  the \verb|-r| option is given explicitely, then the session

  started will be read-only.  That is, the ML world cannot be

  committed back into the image file.  Otherwise, a writable session

  enables commits into either the input file, or into another output

  heap file (if that is given as the second argument on the command

  line).

  The read-write state of sessions is determined at startup only, it

  cannot be changed intermediately. Also note that heap images may

  require considerable amounts of disk space (approximately

  50--200~MB). Users are responsible for themselves to dispose their

  heap files when they are no longer needed.

  \medskip The \verb|-w| option makes the output heap file

  read-only after terminating.  Thus subsequent invocations cause the

  logic image to be read-only automatically.

  \medskip The \verb|-c| option tells the underlying ML system

  to compress the output heap (fully transparently).  On Poly/ML for

  example, the image is garbage collected and all stored values are

  maximally shared, resulting in up to \isa{{\isachardoublequote}{\isadigit{5}}{\isadigit{0}}{\isacharpercent}{\isachardoublequote}} less disk space

  consumption.

  \medskip The \verb|-C| option tells the ML system to produce

  a completely self-contained output image, probably including a copy

  of the ML runtime system itself.

  \medskip Using the \verb|-e| option, arbitrary ML code may be

  passed to the Isabelle session from the command line. Multiple

  \verb|-e|'s are evaluated in the given order. Strange things

  may happen when errorneous ML code is provided. Also make sure that

  the ML commands are terminated properly by semicolon.

  \medskip The \verb|-u| option is a shortcut for \verb|-e| passing ``\verb|use "ROOT.ML";|'' to the ML session.

  The \verb|-f| option passes ``\verb|Session.finish();|'', which is intended mainly for administrative

  purposes.

  \medskip The \verb|-m| option adds identifiers of print modes

  to be made active for this session. Typically, this is used by some

  user interface, e.g.\ to enable output of proper mathematical

  symbols.

  \medskip Isabelle normally enters an interactive top-level loop

  (after processing the \verb|-e| texts). The \verb|-q|

  option inhibits interaction, thus providing a pure batch mode

  facility.

  \medskip The \verb|-I| option makes Isabelle enter Isar

  interaction mode on startup, instead of the primitive ML top-level.

  The \verb|-P| option configures the top-level loop for

  interaction with the Proof General user interface, and the

  \verb|-X| option enables XML-based PGIP communication.  The

  \verb|-W| option makes Isabelle enter a special process

  wrapper for interaction via an external program; the protocol is a

  stripped-down version of Proof General the interaction mode, see

  also \hyperlink{file.~~/src/Pure/Tools/isabelle-process.ML}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachartilde}{\isachartilde}{\isacharslash}src{\isacharslash}Pure{\isacharslash}Tools{\isacharslash}isabelle{\isacharunderscore}process{\isachardot}ML}}}} and \hyperlink{file.~~/src/Pure/Tools/isabelle-process.scala}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachartilde}{\isachartilde}{\isacharslash}src{\isacharslash}Pure{\isacharslash}Tools{\isacharslash}isabelle{\isacharunderscore}process{\isachardot}scala}}}}.

  \medskip The \verb|-S| option makes the Isabelle process more

  secure by disabling some critical operations, notably runtime

  compilation and evaluation of ML source code.%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsubsubsection{Examples%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

Run an interactive session of the default object-logic (as specified

  by the \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-LOGIC}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}LOGIC}}}} setting) like this:

\begin{ttbox}

isabelle-process

\end{ttbox}

  Usually \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-LOGIC}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}LOGIC}}}} refers to one of the standard

  logic images, which are read-only by default.  A writable session

  --- based on \verb|FOL|, but output to \verb|Foo| (in the

  directory specified by the \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-OUTPUT}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}OUTPUT}}}} setting) ---

  may be invoked as follows:

\begin{ttbox}

isabelle-process FOL Foo

\end{ttbox}

  Ending this session normally (e.g.\ by typing control-D) dumps the

  whole ML system state into \verb|Foo|. Be prepared for several

  tens of megabytes.

  The \verb|Foo| session may be continued later (still in

  writable state) by:

\begin{ttbox}

isabelle-process Foo

\end{ttbox}

  A read-only \verb|Foo| session may be started by:

\begin{ttbox}

isabelle-process -r Foo

\end{ttbox}

  \medskip Note that manual session management like this does

  \emph{not} provide proper setup for theory presentation.  This would

  require the \hyperlink{tool.usedir}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{usedir}}}} utility.

  \bigskip The next example demonstrates batch execution of Isabelle.

  We retrieve the \verb|FOL| theory value from the theory loader

  within ML:

\begin{ttbox}

isabelle-process -e 'theory "FOL";' -q -r FOL

\end{ttbox}

  Note that the output text will be interspersed with additional junk

  messages by the ML runtime environment.  The \verb|-W| option

  allows to communicate with the Isabelle process via an external

  program in a more robust fashion.%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsection{The Isabelle tools wrapper \label{sec:isabelle-tool}%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

All Isabelle related tools and interfaces are called via a common

  wrapper --- \hyperlink{executable.isabelle}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle}}}}:

\begin{ttbox}

Usage: isabelle TOOL [ARGS ...]

  Start Isabelle tool NAME with ARGS; pass "-?" for tool specific help.

  Available tools are:

    browser - Isabelle graph browser

    \dots

\end{ttbox}

  In principle, Isabelle tools are ordinary executable scripts that

  are run within the Isabelle settings environment, see

  \secref{sec:settings}.  The set of available tools is collected by

  \hyperlink{executable.isabelle}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle}}}} from the directories listed in the \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-TOOLS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}TOOLS}}}} setting.  Do not try to call the scripts directly

  from the shell.  Neither should you add the tool directories to your

  shell's search path!%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isamarkupsubsubsection{Examples%

}

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\begin{isamarkuptext}%

Show the list of available documentation of the current Isabelle

  installation like this:

\begin{ttbox}

  isabelle doc

\end{ttbox}

  View a certain document as follows:

\begin{ttbox}

  isabelle doc isar-ref

\end{ttbox}

  Create an Isabelle session derived from HOL (see also

  \secref{sec:tool-mkdir} and \secref{sec:tool-make}):

\begin{ttbox}

  isabelle mkdir HOL Test && isabelle make

\end{ttbox}

  Note that \verb|isabelle mkdir| is usually only invoked once;

  existing sessions (including document output etc.) are then updated

  by \verb|isabelle make| alone.%

\end{isamarkuptext}%

\isamarkuptrue%

%

\isadelimtheory

%

\endisadelimtheory

%

\isatagtheory

\isacommand{end}\isamarkupfalse%

%

\endisatagtheory

{\isafoldtheory}%

%

\isadelimtheory

%

\endisadelimtheory

\end{isabellebody}%

%%% Local Variables:

%%% mode: latex

%%% TeX-master: "root"

%%% End: