1.1 --- a/doc/krempler/design-ak.tex	Sat Mar 05 18:08:56 2005 +0100
     1.2 +++ b/doc/krempler/design-ak.tex	Sat Mar 05 20:53:47 2005 +0100
     1.3 @@ -1,9 +1,47 @@
     1.4  % implications of the above chapters
     1.5 +\chapter{Designing a Dialog Guide Component}
     1.6  
     1.7 -\section{Event-Driven Design}
     1.8 +In this chapter, design specific to the Dialog Guide component will be dealt with. 
     1.9 +We will start with a closer look at the Dialog Guide's internal organization and behaviour. 
    1.10 +In the remaining sections, we will concentrate how the Dialog Guide deals with data or components shared with other parts of the system.
    1.11 +
    1.12 +\section{Controlling the Course of Interaction}
    1.13 +The Dialog Guide is responsible for guiding the user the way to obtaining a solution to a problem. 
    1.14 +
    1.15 +\subsection{Dialog Phases}
    1.16 +On a coarse level, interaction goes through several phases with fixed sequence, independent of the particular problem being solved (\refUR{COMMON:CALCDATA:phases}). These so-called Dialog Phases have been modelled on a state machine with well-defined states and transitions between the states. Regardless of mathematical context, the Dialog Phases provide a certain degree of error-robustness by recognising out-of-order events.
    1.17 +\subsubsection{Initialising}
    1.18 +To start interaction, the Dialog Guide has to establish connections with the components it interacts with, a Worksheet representing the Presentation Layer and a Math Engine representing the application (\refUC{START:contact_math}). In addition to that, the Dialog Guide needs information about the user it deals with, to be able to adapt its behaviour accordingly (\refUC{START:ident_user}, \refUR{COMMON:USERS:multi}).
    1.19 +Only after being provided with a CalcHead to act upon and - optionally - a Formalization of a pre-defined Example (\refUC{START:from_example}), the Dialog can enter the Specification Phase.
    1.20 +\subsubsection{Specifying}
    1.21 +The goal of this phase is to gather enough - and consistent - information to start solving. During this phase, the user can add information to a CalcHead, in arbitrary order. After every item added, the CalcHead is checked with the Math Engine for consistency and completeness. Requests for help entering items cannot be answered by the Dialog Guide because of lacking mathematical knowledge. Such requests are passed to the Math Engine, if allowed by the user's settings. The Specifying Phase can be finished only after the CalcHead is confirmed complete and consistent by the Math Engine.
    1.22 +\subsubsection{Solving}
    1.23 +To enter the Solving Phase, a valid CalcHead is required.
    1.24 +Consequently, the mathematical situation initially described by the CalcHead is transformed towards a situation called result. The transformation is performed in steps which are recorded in a CalcTree. As opposed to the Specifying Phase, the steps are not cumulative, but sequential. This implies that while it is possible to change steps already taken, such an action is likely to render subsequent steps invalid. The transformations are not performed by the Dialog Guide itself but by the Math Engine. Requests to take a step are passed to the Math Engine and steps entered by the user are checked by the Math Engine. Note that the Dialog Guide does not know anything about mathematics, it knows only about the structure of interaction in problem-solving. As stated before, transformations can be done entirely by the user or by the Math Engine, or with combined effort of both. This opens up a spectrum of interactional possibilities how to take a step and the various possibilities are described as Dialog Atoms (see \ref{}).
    1.25 +
    1.26 +
    1.27 +\subsubsection{Subproblems}
    1.28 +
    1.29 +With the concept of a state machine in mind, additional phases can be added easily in the course of future development to handle more complex sequences. 
    1.30 +
    1.31 +% add state diagram
    1.32 +
    1.33 +\subsection{Dialog Atoms}
    1.34 +
    1.35 +
    1.36 +\section{Communicating the State of Calculation}
    1.37 +\subsection{Wrapper-based Design}
    1.38 +\subsection{Event-driven Design}
    1.39 +when do we use events, when do we use function calls?
    1.40  
    1.41  \section{Configurable User-Interface}
    1.42 +dividing responsibilities between components
    1.43 +what the dialog guide need and need not control
    1.44 +controlling the Presentation Layer
    1.45  
    1.46 -\section{Configurable Dialog Behaviour}
    1.47 +\section{Obtaining and Storing Configuration Data}
    1.48 +\subsection{The User Settings}
    1.49 +\subsection{The User Model}
    1.50 +\subsection{Permissions and Security Issues}
    1.51  
    1.52  \section{object world}
    1.53 \ No newline at end of file

     2.1 --- a/doc/krempler/implement-ak.tex	Sat Mar 05 18:08:56 2005 +0100
     2.2 +++ b/doc/krempler/implement-ak.tex	Sat Mar 05 20:53:47 2005 +0100
     2.3 @@ -1,10 +1,24 @@
     2.4 +\chapter{Implementation Details}
     2.5  \section{The Hierarchy of Mathematical Objects}
     2.6 +
     2.7 +\section{The CalcHead}
     2.8 +
     2.9  \section{Separable Sub-trees for Sub-problems}
    2.10  
    2.11 +\section{Accessing the Calculation Tree}
    2.12 +
    2.13  \section{Interfaces Aiming at a Detachable Dialog Guide}
    2.14  dialog=wrapper for bridge
    2.15 -\section{Communicating the State of the System to the UI}
    2.16 -Two approaches to communicating the state of the system to the UI. calctree-calchead/event
    2.17 +
    2.18  \section{The Dialog Guide Intercepting the Flow of Interaction}
    2.19  Where the Dialog intercepts the flow of interaction
    2.20 -\section{Controlling the Presentation}
    2.21 \ No newline at end of file
    2.22 +
    2.23 +\section{Controlling the Presentation}
    2.24 +flags or messages
    2.25 +
    2.26 +\section{Interfaces of the Dialog Guide}
    2.27 +to the bridge
    2.28 +to the presentation
    2.29 +to the knowledge browser
    2.30 +to session/user management
    2.31 +

     3.1 --- a/doc/krempler/intro-ak.aux	Sat Mar 05 18:08:56 2005 +0100
     3.2 +++ b/doc/krempler/intro-ak.aux	Sat Mar 05 20:53:47 2005 +0100
     3.3 @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
     3.4  \citation{isac_hp}
     3.5  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {0.1}The ${\cal  I}\mkern -2mu{\cal  S}\mkern -5mu{\cal  AC}${} Project}{2}}
     3.6  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {0.1.1}History, Scope and Goal of the ${\cal  I}\mkern -2mu{\cal  S}\mkern -5mu{\cal  AC}${} Project}{2}}
     3.7 +\citation{fwf03}
     3.8  \citation{www:EduMath}
     3.9  \citation{Bee1992}
    3.10  \citation{www:MathXpert}
    3.11 @@ -51,7 +52,7 @@
    3.12  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{Knowledge Browser}{11}}
    3.13  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{Worksheet}{11}}
    3.14  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog}{11}}
    3.15 -\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subparagraph}{Dialog Atom}{11}}
    3.16 +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog Atom}{11}}
    3.17  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog Activity}{11}}
    3.18  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog Strategy}{11}}
    3.19  \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{User Model}{11}}

     4.1 --- a/doc/krempler/system-ak.tex	Sat Mar 05 18:08:56 2005 +0100
     4.2 +++ b/doc/krempler/system-ak.tex	Sat Mar 05 20:53:47 2005 +0100
     4.3 @@ -239,11 +239,11 @@
     4.4  \item Knowledge Base
     4.5  \item Example Collection
     4.6  \item Object Manager
     4.7 -\item Session Dialog
     4.8  \end{itemize} 
     4.9  
    4.10  Components created per session or per user:
    4.11  \begin{itemize}
    4.12 +\item Session Dialog
    4.13  \item Presentation Layers
    4.14  \item Dialog Guide
    4.15  \item Browser Dialog
    4.16 @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@
    4.17  \label{fig.system_overview}
    4.18  \end{figure}
    4.19  
    4.20 -\subsection{The Interfaces of the Dialog Guide Component}
    4.21 +\subsection{The Interfaces to the Dialog Guide Component}
    4.22  Data exchanged at the interfaces of the Dialog Guide component include:
    4.23  \begin{description}
    4.24  \item[Examples to be started] 

     5.1 --- a/doc/krempler/thesis_krempler.tex	Sat Mar 05 18:08:56 2005 +0100
     5.2 +++ b/doc/krempler/thesis_krempler.tex	Sat Mar 05 20:53:47 2005 +0100
     5.3 @@ -23,7 +23,9 @@
     5.4  \makeglossary
     5.5  
     5.6  \begin{document}
     5.7 -\maketitle
     5.8 +%\maketitle
     5.9 +
    5.10 +\include{titlepage}
    5.11  
    5.12  \tableofcontents
    5.13  
    5.14 @@ -48,18 +50,13 @@
    5.15  \include{didact-ak}
    5.16  \include{tech-ui-ak}
    5.17  \include{system-ak}
    5.18 -
    5.19 -\chapter{Designing a Dialog Guide Component}
    5.20 -Comments on a few design decisions taken.
    5.21  \include{design-ak}
    5.22  
    5.23  
    5.24  \part{Implementation}
    5.25 -Selected details and interesting points in the implementation.
    5.26  \include{implement-ak}
    5.27  
    5.28  
    5.29 -
    5.30  \part{Summary, Project Reflection, Future Developments}
    5.31  
    5.32  \chapter{Project Reflection}

     6.1 --- a/doc/krempler/thesis_krempler.toc	Sat Mar 05 18:08:56 2005 +0100
     6.2 +++ b/doc/krempler/thesis_krempler.toc	Sat Mar 05 20:53:47 2005 +0100
     6.3 @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     6.4  \contentsline {subsubsection}{Knowledge Browser}{11}
     6.5  \contentsline {subsubsection}{Worksheet}{11}
     6.6  \contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog}{11}
     6.7 -\contentsline {subparagraph}{Dialog Atom}{11}
     6.8 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog Atom}{11}
     6.9  \contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog Activity}{11}
    6.10  \contentsline {subsubsection}{Dialog Strategy}{11}
    6.11  \contentsline {subsubsection}{User Model}{11}
    6.12 @@ -87,48 +87,70 @@
    6.13  \contentsline {subsubsection}{Advantages and Drawbacks}{43}
    6.14  \contentsline {subsubsection}{${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}${}'s Support for Constructivistic Learning}{43}
    6.15  \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Modelling Interaction With a Peer}{43}
    6.16 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Symmetric Dialog Atoms}{43}
    6.17 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}User Interaction from a Technical Point of View}{44}
    6.18 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}Describing a Dialog}{44}
    6.19 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}Adapting to Individual Users}{44}
    6.20 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}System Environment}{45}
    6.21 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}Basic Concepts for Separable User Interfaces}{45}
    6.22 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.1}The Seeheim Model}{45}
    6.23 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.2}The MVC Architecture}{46}
    6.24 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.3}Comparing the approaches}{47}
    6.25 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.4}Implications for ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}${}}{47}
    6.26 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}Distributed Components in a Heterogenous Environment}{49}
    6.27 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.1}Location of the Dialog Guide}{49}
    6.28 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.2}Interfacing Java and SML}{50}
    6.29 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.3}Choosing a Means of Communication}{50}
    6.30 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.4}The Dinopolis Middleware project}{51}
    6.31 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}The Architectural Design of the ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}${} System}{52}
    6.32 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.3.1}The Overall Design of ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}${}}{52}
    6.33 -\contentsline {subsubsection}{Browsing the Knowledge Base}{52}
    6.34 -\contentsline {subsubsection}{Authoring Tools}{54}
    6.35 -\contentsline {subsubsection}{Logging into the System and Bootstrapping}{54}
    6.36 -\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.3.2}The Interfaces of the Dialog Guide Component}{55}
    6.37 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}Designing a Dialog Guide Component}{60}
    6.38 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}Event-Driven Design}{60}
    6.39 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}Configurable User-Interface}{60}
    6.40 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.3}Configurable Dialog Behaviour}{60}
    6.41 -\contentsline {part}{IV\hspace {1em}Implementation}{61}
    6.42 -\contentsline {part}{V\hspace {1em}Summary, Project Reflection, Future Developments}{63}
    6.43 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {8}Project Reflection}{64}
    6.44 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}Related Work}{65}
    6.45 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}Single-stepping Algebra Systems}{65}
    6.46 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.2}Guiding Other Systems}{65}
    6.47 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10}Future Developments}{66}
    6.48 -\contentsline {part}{VI\hspace {1em}Appendices}{67}
    6.49 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {A}An example for reference}{68}
    6.50 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.1}Description, formalization and modeling phase}{68}
    6.51 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.2}Knowledgebase and specification phase}{69}
    6.52 -\contentsline {paragraph}{Theories}{69}
    6.53 -\contentsline {paragraph}{Problems}{70}
    6.54 -\contentsline {paragraph}{Methods}{71}
    6.55 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.3}Interaction on the worksheet and the browsers}{71}
    6.56 -\contentsline {paragraph}{In the modeling phase}{72}
    6.57 -\contentsline {paragraph}{The specification phase}{72}
    6.58 -\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.4}The solving phase and subproblems}{73}
    6.59 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {B}${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}$s tactics}{75}
    6.60 -\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {C}List of terms used in the ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}$-project}{77}
    6.61 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Symmetric Dialog Atoms}{44}
    6.62 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}User Interaction from a Technical Point of View}{45}
    6.63 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}Describing a Dialog}{45}
    6.64 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}Adapting to Individual Users}{45}
    6.65 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}System Environment}{46}
    6.66 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}Basic Concepts for Separable User Interfaces}{46}
    6.67 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.1}The Seeheim Model}{46}
    6.68 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.2}The MVC Architecture}{47}
    6.69 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.3}Comparing the approaches}{48}
    6.70 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.4}Implications for ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}${}}{48}
    6.71 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}Distributed Components in a Heterogenous Environment}{50}
    6.72 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.1}Location of the Dialog Guide}{50}
    6.73 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.2}Interfacing Java and SML}{51}
    6.74 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.3}Choosing a Means of Communication}{51}
    6.75 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.4}The Dinopolis Middleware project}{52}
    6.76 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}The Architectural Design of the ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}${} System}{53}
    6.77 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.3.1}The Overall Design of ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}${}}{53}
    6.78 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Browsing the Knowledge Base}{53}
    6.79 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Authoring Tools}{55}
    6.80 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Logging into the System and Bootstrapping}{55}
    6.81 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.3.2}The Interfaces to the Dialog Guide Component}{56}
    6.82 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}Designing a Dialog Guide Component}{61}
    6.83 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}Controlling the Course of Interaction}{61}
    6.84 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.1.1}Dialog Phases}{61}
    6.85 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Initializing}{61}
    6.86 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Specifying}{62}
    6.87 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Solving}{62}
    6.88 +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Subproblems}{62}
    6.89 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.1.2}Dialog Atoms}{62}
    6.90 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}Communicating the State of Calculation}{62}
    6.91 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.2.1}Wrapper-based Design}{62}
    6.92 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.2.2}Event-driven Design}{62}
    6.93 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.3}Configurable User-Interface}{62}
    6.94 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.4}Obtaining and Storing Configuration Data}{62}
    6.95 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.4.1}The User Settings}{62}
    6.96 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.4.2}The User Model}{62}
    6.97 +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.4.3}Permissions and Security Issues}{62}
    6.98 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.5}object world}{62}
    6.99 +\contentsline {part}{IV\hspace {1em}Implementation}{63}
   6.100 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {8}Implementation Details}{64}
   6.101 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.1}The Hierarchy of Mathematical Objects}{64}
   6.102 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.2}The CalcHead}{64}
   6.103 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.3}Separable Sub-trees for Sub-problems}{64}
   6.104 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.4}Accessing the Calculation Tree}{64}
   6.105 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.5}Interfaces Aiming at a Detachable Dialog Guide}{64}
   6.106 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.6}The Dialog Guide Intercepting the Flow of Interaction}{64}
   6.107 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.7}Controlling the Presentation}{64}
   6.108 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.8}Interfaces of the Dialog Guide}{64}
   6.109 +\contentsline {part}{V\hspace {1em}Summary, Project Reflection, Future Developments}{65}
   6.110 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}Project Reflection}{66}
   6.111 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10}Related Work}{67}
   6.112 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.1}Single-stepping Algebra Systems}{67}
   6.113 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.2}Guiding Other Systems}{67}
   6.114 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {11}Future Developments}{68}
   6.115 +\contentsline {part}{VI\hspace {1em}Appendices}{69}
   6.116 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {A}An example for reference}{70}
   6.117 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.1}Description, formalization and modeling phase}{70}
   6.118 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.2}Knowledgebase and specification phase}{71}
   6.119 +\contentsline {paragraph}{Theories}{71}
   6.120 +\contentsline {paragraph}{Problems}{72}
   6.121 +\contentsline {paragraph}{Methods}{73}
   6.122 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.3}Interaction on the worksheet and the browsers}{73}
   6.123 +\contentsline {paragraph}{In the modeling phase}{74}
   6.124 +\contentsline {paragraph}{The specification phase}{74}
   6.125 +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.4}The solving phase and subproblems}{75}
   6.126 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {B}${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}$s tactics}{77}
   6.127 +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {C}List of terms used in the ${\cal I}\mkern -2mu{\cal S}\mkern -5mu{\cal AC}$-project}{79}

     7.1 --- a/doc/krempler/titlepage.tex	Sat Mar 05 18:08:56 2005 +0100
     7.2 +++ b/doc/krempler/titlepage.tex	Sat Mar 05 20:53:47 2005 +0100
     7.3 @@ -5,22 +5,24 @@
     7.4  
     7.5    \vspace*{15mm}
     7.6  
     7.7 -  \textbf{\LARGE{User-Interaction and Learning}} \\
     7.8 +  \textbf{\LARGE{Architectural Design for}} \\
     7.9    \medskip
    7.10 -  \textbf{\LARGE{in the Web-based Math-Learning-System \lisac} }
    7.11 +  \textbf{\LARGE{Integrating an Interactive Dialog Guide}} \\
    7.12 +  \medskip
    7.13 +  \textbf{\LARGE{into a Mathematical Tutoring System}}
    7.14   \vspace{25mm}
    7.15  
    7.16    {\Large Alan Krempler} \\
    7.17  
    7.18    \vspace{10mm}
    7.19  
    7.20 -  2004 \\
    7.21 +  2005 \\
    7.22  
    7.23 -  \vspace{25mm}
    7.24 +  \vspace{10mm}
    7.25  
    7.26    {\Large Master's Thesis} \\
    7.27  
    7.28 -  \vspace{10mm}
    7.29 +  \vspace{25mm}
    7.30  
    7.31  
    7.32    \textit{IST - Institute for Software Technology \\
    7.33 @@ -28,16 +30,15 @@
    7.34  
    7.35    \vspace{5mm}
    7.36  
    7.37 -  \includegraphics[width=40mm]{\extend{TUG}}
    7.38 +  \includegraphics[width=40mm]{TUG}
    7.39  
    7.40    \end{center}
    7.41  
    7.42    \vspace{10mm}
    7.43  
    7.44  \begin{tabular}{ll}
    7.45 -  Supervisor:    & Mag. Dr.techn. Walther Neuper \\
    7.46 -
    7.47 -  & Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.  Peter Lucas \\
    7.48 +  Supervisor: &  em. Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Peter Lucas \\
    7.49 +  & Mag. Dr.Walther Neuper \\
    7.50  \end{tabular}
    7.51  
    7.52  \end{titlepage}