src/Tools/isac/Knowledge/PolyMinus.thy
author Walther Neuper <walther.neuper@jku.at>
Tue, 21 Apr 2020 15:42:50 +0200
changeset 59898 68883c046963
parent 59878 3163e63a5111
child 59903 5037ca1b112b
permissions -rw-r--r--
replace Celem. with new struct.s in BaseDefinitions/

Note: the remaining code in calcelems.sml shall be destributed to respective struct.s
     1 (* attempts to perserve binary minus as wanted by Austrian teachers
     2    WN071207
     3    (c) due to copyright terms
     4 *)
     5 
     6 theory PolyMinus imports (*Poly// due to "is_ratpolyexp" in...*) Rational begin
     7 
     8 consts
     9 
    10   (*predicates for conditions in rewriting*)
    11   kleiner     :: "['a, 'a] => bool" 	("_ kleiner _") 
    12   ist'_monom  :: "'a => bool"		("_ ist'_monom")
    13 
    14   (*the CAS-command*)
    15   Probe       :: "[bool, bool list] => bool"  
    16 	(*"Probe (3*a+2*b+a = 4*a+2*b) [a=1,b=2]"*)
    17 
    18   (*descriptions for the pbl and met*)
    19   Pruefe      :: "bool => una"
    20   mitWert     :: "bool list => tobooll"
    21   Geprueft    :: "bool => una"
    22 
    23 axiomatization where
    24 
    25   null_minus:            "0 - a = -a" and
    26   vor_minus_mal:         "- a * b = (-a) * b" and
    27 
    28   (*commute with invariant (a.b).c -association*)
    29   tausche_plus:		"[| b ist_monom; a kleiner b  |] ==> 
    30 			 (b + a) = (a + b)" and
    31   tausche_minus:		"[| b ist_monom; a kleiner b  |] ==> 
    32 			 (b - a) = (-a + b)" and
    33   tausche_vor_plus:	"[| b ist_monom; a kleiner b  |] ==> 
    34 			 (- b + a) = (a - b)" and
    35   tausche_vor_minus:	"[| b ist_monom; a kleiner b  |] ==> 
    36 			 (- b - a) = (-a - b)" and
    37   tausche_plus_plus:	"b kleiner c ==> (a + c + b) = (a + b + c)" and
    38   tausche_plus_minus:	"b kleiner c ==> (a + c - b) = (a - b + c)" and
    39   tausche_minus_plus:	"b kleiner c ==> (a - c + b) = (a + b - c)" and
    40   tausche_minus_minus:	"b kleiner c ==> (a - c - b) = (a - b - c)" and
    41 
    42   (*commute with invariant (a.b).c -association*)
    43   tausche_mal:		"[| b is_atom; a kleiner b  |] ==> 
    44 			 (b * a) = (a * b)" and
    45   tausche_vor_mal:	"[| b is_atom; a kleiner b  |] ==> 
    46 			 (-b * a) = (-a * b)" and
    47   tausche_mal_mal:	"[| c is_atom; b kleiner c  |] ==> 
    48 			 (x * c * b) = (x * b * c)" and
    49   x_quadrat:             "(x * a) * a = x * a ^^^ 2" and
    50 
    51 
    52   subtrahiere:               "[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==>  
    53 			     m * v - l * v = (m - l) * v" and
    54   subtrahiere_von_1:         "[| l is_const |] ==>  
    55 			     v - l * v = (1 - l) * v" and
    56   subtrahiere_1:             "[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==>  
    57 			     m * v - v = (m - 1) * v" and
    58 
    59   subtrahiere_x_plus_minus:  "[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==>  
    60 			     (x + m * v) - l * v = x + (m - l) * v" and
    61   subtrahiere_x_plus1_minus: "[| l is_const |] ==>  
    62 			     (x + v) - l * v = x + (1 - l) * v" and
    63   subtrahiere_x_plus_minus1: "[| m is_const |] ==>  
    64 			     (x + m * v) - v = x + (m - 1) * v" and
    65 
    66   subtrahiere_x_minus_plus:  "[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==>  
    67 			     (x - m * v) + l * v = x + (-m + l) * v" and
    68   subtrahiere_x_minus1_plus: "[| l is_const |] ==>  
    69 			     (x - v) + l * v = x + (-1 + l) * v" and
    70   subtrahiere_x_minus_plus1: "[| m is_const |] ==>  
    71 			     (x - m * v) + v = x + (-m + 1) * v" and
    72 
    73   subtrahiere_x_minus_minus: "[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==>  
    74 			     (x - m * v) - l * v = x + (-m - l) * v" and
    75   subtrahiere_x_minus1_minus:"[| l is_const |] ==>  
    76 			     (x - v) - l * v = x + (-1 - l) * v" and
    77   subtrahiere_x_minus_minus1:"[| m is_const |] ==>  
    78 			     (x - m * v) - v = x + (-m - 1) * v" and
    79 
    80 
    81   addiere_vor_minus:         "[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==>  
    82 			     - (l * v) +  m * v = (-l + m) * v" and
    83   addiere_eins_vor_minus:    "[| m is_const |] ==>  
    84 			     -  v +  m * v = (-1 + m) * v" and
    85   subtrahiere_vor_minus:     "[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==>  
    86 			     - (l * v) -  m * v = (-l - m) * v" and
    87   subtrahiere_eins_vor_minus:"[| m is_const |] ==>  
    88 			     -  v -  m * v = (-1 - m) * v" and
    89 
    90   vorzeichen_minus_weg1:      "l kleiner 0 ==> a + l * b = a - -1*l * b" and
    91   vorzeichen_minus_weg2:      "l kleiner 0 ==> a - l * b = a + -1*l * b" and
    92   vorzeichen_minus_weg3:      "l kleiner 0 ==> k + a - l * b = k + a + -1*l * b" and
    93   vorzeichen_minus_weg4:      "l kleiner 0 ==> k - a - l * b = k - a + -1*l * b" and
    94 
    95   (*klammer_plus_plus = (add.assoc RS sym)*)
    96   klammer_plus_minus:          "a + (b - c) = (a + b) - c" and
    97   klammer_minus_plus:          "a - (b + c) = (a - b) - c" and
    98   klammer_minus_minus:         "a - (b - c) = (a - b) + c" and
    99 
   100   klammer_mult_minus:          "a * (b - c) = a * b - a * c" and
   101   klammer_minus_mult:          "(b - c) * a = b * a - c * a"
   102 
   103 ML \<open>
   104 val thy = @{theory};
   105 
   106 (** eval functions **)
   107 
   108 (*. get the identifier from specific monomials; see fun ist_monom .*)
   109 (*HACK.WN080107*)
   110 fun increase str = 
   111     let val s::ss = Symbol.explode str
   112     in implode ((chr (ord s + 1))::ss) end;
   113 fun identifier (Free (id,_)) = id                            (* 2,   a   *)
   114   | identifier (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $ Free (num, _) $ Free (id, _)) = 
   115     id                                                       (* 2*a, a*b *)
   116   | identifier (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $                          (* 3*a*b    *)
   117 		     (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $
   118 			    Free (num, _) $ Free _) $ Free (id, _)) = 
   119     if TermC.is_num' num then id
   120     else "|||||||||||||"
   121   | identifier (Const ("Prog_Expr.pow", _) $ Free (base, _) $ Free (exp, _)) =
   122     if TermC.is_num' base then "|||||||||||||"                  (* a^2      *)
   123     else (*increase*) base
   124   | identifier (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $ Free (num, _) $          (* 3*a^2    *)
   125 		     (Const ("Prog_Expr.pow", _) $
   126 			    Free (base, _) $ Free (exp, _))) = 
   127     if TermC.is_num' num andalso not (TermC.is_num' base) then (*increase*) base
   128     else "|||||||||||||"
   129   | identifier _ = "|||||||||||||"(*the "largest" string*);
   130 
   131 (*("kleiner", ("PolyMinus.kleiner", eval_kleiner ""))*)
   132 (* order "by alphabet" w.r.t. var: num < (var | num*var) > (var*var | ..) *)
   133 fun eval_kleiner _ _ (p as (Const ("PolyMinus.kleiner",_) $ a $ b)) _  =
   134      if TermC.is_num b then
   135 	 if TermC.is_num a then (*123 kleiner 32 = True !!!*)
   136 	     if TermC.num_of_term a < TermC.num_of_term b then 
   137 		 SOME ((UnparseC.term p) ^ " = True",
   138 		       HOLogic.Trueprop $ (TermC.mk_equality (p, @{term True})))
   139 	     else SOME ((UnparseC.term p) ^ " = False",
   140 			HOLogic.Trueprop $ (TermC.mk_equality (p, @{term False})))
   141 	 else (* -1 * -2 kleiner 0 *)
   142 	     SOME ((UnparseC.term p) ^ " = False",
   143 		   HOLogic.Trueprop $ (TermC.mk_equality (p, @{term False})))
   144     else
   145 	if identifier a < identifier b then 
   146 	     SOME ((UnparseC.term p) ^ " = True",
   147 		  HOLogic.Trueprop $ (TermC.mk_equality (p, @{term True})))
   148 	else SOME ((UnparseC.term p) ^ " = False",
   149 		   HOLogic.Trueprop $ (TermC.mk_equality (p, @{term False})))
   150   | eval_kleiner _ _ _ _ =  NONE;
   151 
   152 fun ist_monom (Free (id,_)) = true
   153   | ist_monom (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $ Free (num, _) $ Free (id, _)) = 
   154     if TermC.is_num' num then true else false
   155   | ist_monom _ = false;
   156 (*. this function only accepts the most simple monoms       vvvvvvvvvv .*)
   157 fun ist_monom (Free (id,_)) = true                          (* 2,   a   *)
   158   | ist_monom (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $ Free _ $ Free (id, _)) = (* 2*a, a*b *)
   159     if TermC.is_num' id then false else true
   160   | ist_monom (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $                          (* 3*a*b    *)
   161 		     (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $
   162 			    Free (num, _) $ Free _) $ Free (id, _)) =
   163     if TermC.is_num' num andalso not (TermC.is_num' id) then true else false
   164   | ist_monom (Const ("Prog_Expr.pow", _) $ Free (base, _) $ Free (exp, _)) = 
   165     true                                                    (* a^2      *)
   166   | ist_monom (Const ("Groups.times_class.times", _) $ Free (num, _) $          (* 3*a^2    *)
   167 		     (Const ("Prog_Expr.pow", _) $
   168 			    Free (base, _) $ Free (exp, _))) = 
   169     if TermC.is_num' num then true else false
   170   | ist_monom _ = false;
   171 
   172 (* is this a univariate monomial ? *)
   173 (*("ist_monom", ("PolyMinus.ist'_monom", eval_ist_monom ""))*)
   174 fun eval_ist_monom _ _ (p as (Const ("PolyMinus.ist'_monom",_) $ a)) _  =
   175     if ist_monom a  then 
   176 	SOME ((UnparseC.term p) ^ " = True",
   177 	      HOLogic.Trueprop $ (TermC.mk_equality (p, @{term True})))
   178     else SOME ((UnparseC.term p) ^ " = False",
   179 	       HOLogic.Trueprop $ (TermC.mk_equality (p, @{term False})))
   180   | eval_ist_monom _ _ _ _ =  NONE;
   181 
   182 
   183 (** rewrite order **)
   184 
   185 (** rulesets **)
   186 
   187 val erls_ordne_alphabetisch =
   188     Rule_Set.append_rules "erls_ordne_alphabetisch" Rule_Set.empty
   189 	       [Rule.Eval ("PolyMinus.kleiner", eval_kleiner ""),
   190 		Rule.Eval ("PolyMinus.ist'_monom", eval_ist_monom "")
   191 		];
   192 
   193 val ordne_alphabetisch = 
   194   Rule_Def.Repeat{id = "ordne_alphabetisch", preconds = [], 
   195       rew_ord = ("dummy_ord", Rewrite_Ord.dummy_ord), srls = Rule_Set.Empty, calc = [], errpatts = [],
   196       erls = erls_ordne_alphabetisch, 
   197       rules = [Rule.Thm ("tausche_plus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_plus}),
   198 	       (*"b kleiner a ==> (b + a) = (a + b)"*)
   199 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_minus}),
   200 	       (*"b kleiner a ==> (b - a) = (-a + b)"*)
   201 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_vor_plus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_vor_plus}),
   202 	       (*"[| b ist_monom; a kleiner b  |] ==> (- b + a) = (a - b)"*)
   203 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_vor_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_vor_minus}),
   204 	       (*"[| b ist_monom; a kleiner b  |] ==> (- b - a) = (-a - b)"*)
   205 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_plus_plus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_plus_plus}),
   206 	       (*"c kleiner b ==> (a + c + b) = (a + b + c)"*)
   207 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_plus_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_plus_minus}),
   208 	       (*"c kleiner b ==> (a + c - b) = (a - b + c)"*)
   209 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_minus_plus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_minus_plus}),
   210 	       (*"c kleiner b ==> (a - c + b) = (a + b - c)"*)
   211 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_minus_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_minus_minus})
   212 	       (*"c kleiner b ==> (a - c - b) = (a - b - c)"*)
   213 	       ], scr = Rule.Empty_Prog};
   214 
   215 val fasse_zusammen = 
   216     Rule_Def.Repeat{id = "fasse_zusammen", preconds = [], 
   217 	rew_ord = ("dummy_ord", Rewrite_Ord.dummy_ord),
   218 	erls = Rule_Set.append_rules "erls_fasse_zusammen" Rule_Set.empty 
   219 			  [Rule.Eval ("Prog_Expr.is'_const", Prog_Expr.eval_const "#is_const_")], 
   220 	srls = Rule_Set.Empty, calc = [], errpatts = [],
   221 	rules = 
   222 	[Rule.Thm ("real_num_collect",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm real_num_collect}), 
   223 	 (*"[| l is_const; m is_const |]==>l * n + m * n = (l + m) * n"*)
   224 	 Rule.Thm ("real_num_collect_assoc_r",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm real_num_collect_assoc_r}),
   225 	 (*"[| l is_const; m..|] ==>  (k + m * n) + l * n = k + (l + m)*n"*)
   226 	 Rule.Thm ("real_one_collect",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm real_one_collect}),	
   227 	 (*"m is_const ==> n + m * n = (1 + m) * n"*)
   228 	 Rule.Thm ("real_one_collect_assoc_r",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm real_one_collect_assoc_r}), 
   229 	 (*"m is_const ==> (k + n) + m * n = k + (m + 1) * n"*)
   230 
   231 
   232 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere}),
   233 	 (*"[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==> m * v - l * v = (m - l) * v"*)
   234 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_von_1",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_von_1}),
   235 	 (*"[| l is_const |] ==> v - l * v = (1 - l) * v"*)
   236 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_1",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_1}),
   237 	 (*"[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==> m * v - v = (m - 1) * v"*)
   238 
   239 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_plus_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_plus_minus}), 
   240 	 (*"[| l is_const; m..|] ==> (k + m * n) - l * n = k + ( m - l) * n"*)
   241 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_plus1_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_plus1_minus}),
   242 	 (*"[| l is_const |] ==> (x + v) - l * v = x + (1 - l) * v"*)
   243 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_plus_minus1",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_plus_minus1}),
   244 	 (*"[| m is_const |] ==> (x + m * v) - v = x + (m - 1) * v"*)
   245 
   246 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_minus_plus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_minus_plus}), 
   247 	 (*"[| l is_const; m..|] ==> (k - m * n) + l * n = k + (-m + l) * n"*)
   248 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_minus1_plus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_minus1_plus}),
   249 	 (*"[| l is_const |] ==> (x - v) + l * v = x + (-1 + l) * v"*)
   250 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_minus_plus1",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_minus_plus1}),
   251 	 (*"[| m is_const |] ==> (x - m * v) + v = x + (-m + 1) * v"*)
   252 
   253 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_minus_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_minus_minus}), 
   254 	 (*"[| l is_const; m..|] ==> (k - m * n) - l * n = k + (-m - l) * n"*)
   255 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_minus1_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_minus1_minus}),
   256 	 (*"[| l is_const |] ==> (x - v) - l * v = x + (-1 - l) * v"*)
   257 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_x_minus_minus1",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_x_minus_minus1}),
   258 	 (*"[| m is_const |] ==> (x - m * v) - v = x + (-m - 1) * v"*)
   259 	 
   260 	 Rule.Eval ("Groups.plus_class.plus", (**)eval_binop "#add_"),
   261 	 Rule.Eval ("Groups.minus_class.minus", (**)eval_binop "#subtr_"),
   262 	 
   263 	 (*MG: Reihenfolge der folgenden 2 Rule.Thm muss so bleiben, wegen
   264            (a+a)+a --> a + 2*a --> 3*a and not (a+a)+a --> 2*a + a *)
   265 	 Rule.Thm ("real_mult_2_assoc_r",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm real_mult_2_assoc_r}),
   266 	 (*"(k + z1) + z1 = k + 2 * z1"*)
   267 	 Rule.Thm ("sym_real_mult_2",ThmC.numerals_to_Free (@{thm real_mult_2} RS @{thm sym})),
   268 	 (*"z1 + z1 = 2 * z1"*)
   269 
   270 	 Rule.Thm ("addiere_vor_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm addiere_vor_minus}),
   271 	 (*"[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==> -(l * v) +  m * v = (-l + m) *v"*)
   272 	 Rule.Thm ("addiere_eins_vor_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm addiere_eins_vor_minus}),
   273 	 (*"[| m is_const |] ==> -  v +  m * v = (-1 + m) * v"*)
   274 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_vor_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_vor_minus}),
   275 	 (*"[| l is_const; m is_const |] ==> -(l * v) -  m * v = (-l - m) *v"*)
   276 	 Rule.Thm ("subtrahiere_eins_vor_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm subtrahiere_eins_vor_minus})
   277 	 (*"[| m is_const |] ==> -  v -  m * v = (-1 - m) * v"*)
   278 	 
   279 	 ], scr = Rule.Empty_Prog};
   280     
   281 val verschoenere = 
   282   Rule_Def.Repeat{id = "verschoenere", preconds = [], 
   283       rew_ord = ("dummy_ord", Rewrite_Ord.dummy_ord), srls = Rule_Set.Empty, calc = [], errpatts = [],
   284       erls = Rule_Set.append_rules "erls_verschoenere" Rule_Set.empty 
   285 			[Rule.Eval ("PolyMinus.kleiner", eval_kleiner "")], 
   286       rules = [Rule.Thm ("vorzeichen_minus_weg1",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm vorzeichen_minus_weg1}),
   287 	       (*"l kleiner 0 ==> a + l * b = a - -l * b"*)
   288 	       Rule.Thm ("vorzeichen_minus_weg2",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm vorzeichen_minus_weg2}),
   289 	       (*"l kleiner 0 ==> a - l * b = a + -l * b"*)
   290 	       Rule.Thm ("vorzeichen_minus_weg3",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm vorzeichen_minus_weg3}),
   291 	       (*"l kleiner 0 ==> k + a - l * b = k + a + -l * b"*)
   292 	       Rule.Thm ("vorzeichen_minus_weg4",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm vorzeichen_minus_weg4}),
   293 	       (*"l kleiner 0 ==> k - a - l * b = k - a + -l * b"*)
   294 
   295 	       Rule.Eval ("Groups.times_class.times", (**)eval_binop "#mult_"),
   296 
   297 	       Rule.Thm ("mult_zero_left",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm mult_zero_left}),    
   298 	       (*"0 * z = 0"*)
   299 	       Rule.Thm ("mult_1_left",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm mult_1_left}),     
   300 	       (*"1 * z = z"*)
   301 	       Rule.Thm ("add_0_left",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm add_0_left}),
   302 	       (*"0 + z = z"*)
   303 	       Rule.Thm ("null_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm null_minus}),
   304 	       (*"0 - a = -a"*)
   305 	       Rule.Thm ("vor_minus_mal",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm vor_minus_mal})
   306 	       (*"- a * b = (-a) * b"*)
   307 
   308 	       (*Rule.Thm ("",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{}),*)
   309 	       (**)
   310 	       ], scr = Rule.Empty_Prog} (*end verschoenere*);
   311 
   312 val klammern_aufloesen = 
   313   Rule_Def.Repeat{id = "klammern_aufloesen", preconds = [], 
   314       rew_ord = ("dummy_ord", Rewrite_Ord.dummy_ord), srls = Rule_Set.Empty, calc = [], errpatts = [], erls = Rule_Set.Empty, 
   315       rules = [Rule.Thm ("sym_add.assoc",
   316                      ThmC.numerals_to_Free (@{thm add.assoc} RS @{thm sym})),
   317 	       (*"a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c"*)
   318 	       Rule.Thm ("klammer_plus_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm klammer_plus_minus}),
   319 	       (*"a + (b - c) = (a + b) - c"*)
   320 	       Rule.Thm ("klammer_minus_plus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm klammer_minus_plus}),
   321 	       (*"a - (b + c) = (a - b) - c"*)
   322 	       Rule.Thm ("klammer_minus_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm klammer_minus_minus})
   323 	       (*"a - (b - c) = (a - b) + c"*)
   324 	       ], scr = Rule.Empty_Prog};
   325 
   326 val klammern_ausmultiplizieren = 
   327   Rule_Def.Repeat{id = "klammern_ausmultiplizieren", preconds = [], 
   328       rew_ord = ("dummy_ord", Rewrite_Ord.dummy_ord), srls = Rule_Set.Empty, calc = [], errpatts = [], erls = Rule_Set.Empty, 
   329       rules = [Rule.Thm ("distrib_right" ,ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm distrib_right}),
   330 	       (*"(z1.0 + z2.0) * w = z1.0 * w + z2.0 * w"*)
   331 	       Rule.Thm ("distrib_left",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm distrib_left}),
   332 	       (*"w * (z1.0 + z2.0) = w * z1.0 + w * z2.0"*)
   333 	       
   334 	       Rule.Thm ("klammer_mult_minus",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm klammer_mult_minus}),
   335 	       (*"a * (b - c) = a * b - a * c"*)
   336 	       Rule.Thm ("klammer_minus_mult",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm klammer_minus_mult})
   337 	       (*"(b - c) * a = b * a - c * a"*)
   338 
   339 	       (*Rule.Thm ("",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{}),
   340 	       (*""*)*)
   341 	       ], scr = Rule.Empty_Prog};
   342 
   343 val ordne_monome = 
   344   Rule_Def.Repeat{id = "ordne_monome", preconds = [], 
   345       rew_ord = ("dummy_ord", Rewrite_Ord.dummy_ord), srls = Rule_Set.Empty, calc = [], errpatts = [], 
   346       erls = Rule_Set.append_rules "erls_ordne_monome" Rule_Set.empty
   347 	       [Rule.Eval ("PolyMinus.kleiner", eval_kleiner ""),
   348 		Rule.Eval ("Prog_Expr.is'_atom", Prog_Expr.eval_is_atom "")
   349 		], 
   350       rules = [Rule.Thm ("tausche_mal",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_mal}),
   351 	       (*"[| b is_atom; a kleiner b  |] ==> (b * a) = (a * b)"*)
   352 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_vor_mal",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_vor_mal}),
   353 	       (*"[| b is_atom; a kleiner b  |] ==> (-b * a) = (-a * b)"*)
   354 	       Rule.Thm ("tausche_mal_mal",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm tausche_mal_mal}),
   355 	       (*"[| c is_atom; b kleiner c  |] ==> (a * c * b) = (a * b *c)"*)
   356 	       Rule.Thm ("x_quadrat",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm x_quadrat})
   357 	       (*"(x * a) * a = x * a ^^^ 2"*)
   358 
   359 	       (*Rule.Thm ("",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{}),
   360 	       (*""*)*)
   361 	       ], scr = Rule.Empty_Prog};
   362 
   363 
   364 val rls_p_33 = 
   365     Rule_Set.append_rules "rls_p_33" Rule_Set.empty
   366 	       [Rule.Rls_ ordne_alphabetisch,
   367 		Rule.Rls_ fasse_zusammen,
   368 		Rule.Rls_ verschoenere
   369 		];
   370 val rls_p_34 = 
   371     Rule_Set.append_rules "rls_p_34" Rule_Set.empty
   372 	       [Rule.Rls_ klammern_aufloesen,
   373 		Rule.Rls_ ordne_alphabetisch,
   374 		Rule.Rls_ fasse_zusammen,
   375 		Rule.Rls_ verschoenere
   376 		];
   377 val rechnen = 
   378     Rule_Set.append_rules "rechnen" Rule_Set.empty
   379 	       [Rule.Eval ("Groups.times_class.times", (**)eval_binop "#mult_"),
   380 		Rule.Eval ("Groups.plus_class.plus", (**)eval_binop "#add_"),
   381 		Rule.Eval ("Groups.minus_class.minus", (**)eval_binop "#subtr_")
   382 		];
   383 \<close>
   384 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_rlss 
   385   [("ordne_alphabetisch", (Context.theory_name @{theory}, prep_rls' ordne_alphabetisch)), 
   386   ("fasse_zusammen", (Context.theory_name @{theory}, prep_rls' fasse_zusammen)), 
   387   ("verschoenere", (Context.theory_name @{theory}, prep_rls' verschoenere)), 
   388   ("ordne_monome", (Context.theory_name @{theory}, prep_rls' ordne_monome)), 
   389   ("klammern_aufloesen", (Context.theory_name @{theory}, prep_rls' klammern_aufloesen)), 
   390   ("klammern_ausmultiplizieren",
   391     (Context.theory_name @{theory}, prep_rls' klammern_ausmultiplizieren))]\<close>
   392 
   393 (** problems **)
   394 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_pbts
   395   [(Specify.prep_pbt thy "pbl_vereinf_poly" [] Spec.e_pblID
   396       (["polynom","vereinfachen"], [], Rule_Set.Empty, NONE, [])),
   397     (Specify.prep_pbt thy "pbl_vereinf_poly_minus" [] Spec.e_pblID
   398       (["plus_minus","polynom","vereinfachen"],
   399         [("#Given", ["Term t_t"]),
   400           ("#Where", ["t_t is_polyexp",
   401             "Not (matchsub (?a + (?b + ?c)) t_t | " ^
   402             "     matchsub (?a + (?b - ?c)) t_t | " ^
   403             "     matchsub (?a - (?b + ?c)) t_t | " ^
   404             "     matchsub (?a + (?b - ?c)) t_t )",
   405             "Not (matchsub (?a * (?b + ?c)) t_t | " ^
   406             "     matchsub (?a * (?b - ?c)) t_t | " ^
   407             "     matchsub ((?b + ?c) * ?a) t_t | " ^
   408             "     matchsub ((?b - ?c) * ?a) t_t )"]),
   409           ("#Find", ["normalform n_n"])],
   410         Rule_Set.append_rules "prls_pbl_vereinf_poly" Rule_Set.empty 
   411 	        [Rule.Eval ("Poly.is'_polyexp", eval_is_polyexp ""),
   412 	          Rule.Eval ("Prog_Expr.matchsub", Prog_Expr.eval_matchsub ""),
   413 	          Rule.Thm ("or_true", ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm or_true}),
   414             (*"(?a | True) = True"*)
   415             Rule.Thm ("or_false", ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm or_false}),
   416             (*"(?a | False) = ?a"*)
   417             Rule.Thm ("not_true",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm not_true}),
   418             (*"(~ True) = False"*)
   419             Rule.Thm ("not_false",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm not_false})
   420             (*"(~ False) = True"*)], 
   421        SOME "Vereinfache t_t", [["simplification","for_polynomials","with_minus"]])),
   422     (Specify.prep_pbt thy "pbl_vereinf_poly_klammer" [] Spec.e_pblID
   423       (["klammer","polynom","vereinfachen"],
   424         [("#Given" ,["Term t_t"]),
   425           ("#Where" ,["t_t is_polyexp",
   426             "Not (matchsub (?a * (?b + ?c)) t_t | " ^
   427             "     matchsub (?a * (?b - ?c)) t_t | " ^
   428             "     matchsub ((?b + ?c) * ?a) t_t | " ^
   429             "     matchsub ((?b - ?c) * ?a) t_t )"]),
   430           ("#Find"  ,["normalform n_n"])],
   431         Rule_Set.append_rules "prls_pbl_vereinf_poly_klammer" Rule_Set.empty
   432           [Rule.Eval ("Poly.is'_polyexp", eval_is_polyexp ""),
   433 	           Rule.Eval ("Prog_Expr.matchsub", Prog_Expr.eval_matchsub ""),
   434              Rule.Thm ("or_true", ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm or_true}),
   435              (*"(?a | True) = True"*)
   436              Rule.Thm ("or_false", ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm or_false}),
   437              (*"(?a | False) = ?a"*)
   438              Rule.Thm ("not_true",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm not_true}),
   439              (*"(~ True) = False"*)
   440              Rule.Thm ("not_false",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm not_false})
   441              (*"(~ False) = True"*)], 
   442         SOME "Vereinfache t_t", 
   443         [["simplification","for_polynomials","with_parentheses"]])),
   444     (Specify.prep_pbt thy "pbl_vereinf_poly_klammer_mal" [] Spec.e_pblID
   445       (["binom_klammer","polynom","vereinfachen"],
   446         [("#Given", ["Term t_t"]),
   447           ("#Where", ["t_t is_polyexp"]),
   448           ("#Find", ["normalform n_n"])],
   449         Rule_Set.append_rules "empty" Rule_Set.empty [(*for preds in where_*)
   450 			      Rule.Eval ("Poly.is'_polyexp", eval_is_polyexp "")], 
   451         SOME "Vereinfache t_t", 
   452         [["simplification","for_polynomials","with_parentheses_mult"]])),
   453     (Specify.prep_pbt thy "pbl_probe" [] Spec.e_pblID (["probe"], [], Rule_Set.Empty, NONE, [])),
   454     (Specify.prep_pbt thy "pbl_probe_poly" [] Spec.e_pblID
   455       (["polynom","probe"],
   456         [("#Given", ["Pruefe e_e", "mitWert w_w"]),
   457           ("#Where", ["e_e is_polyexp"]),
   458           ("#Find", ["Geprueft p_p"])],
   459         Rule_Set.append_rules "prls_pbl_probe_poly" Rule_Set.empty [(*for preds in where_*)
   460 		      Rule.Eval ("Poly.is'_polyexp", eval_is_polyexp "")], 
   461         SOME "Probe e_e w_w", 
   462         [["probe","fuer_polynom"]])),
   463     (Specify.prep_pbt thy "pbl_probe_bruch" [] Spec.e_pblID
   464       (["bruch","probe"],
   465         [("#Given" ,["Pruefe e_e", "mitWert w_w"]),
   466           ("#Where" ,["e_e is_ratpolyexp"]),
   467           ("#Find"  ,["Geprueft p_p"])],
   468         Rule_Set.append_rules "prls_pbl_probe_bruch" Rule_Set.empty [(*for preds in where_*)
   469 		      Rule.Eval ("Rational.is'_ratpolyexp", eval_is_ratpolyexp "")], 
   470         SOME "Probe e_e w_w", [["probe","fuer_bruch"]]))]\<close>
   471 
   472 (** methods **)
   473 
   474 partial_function (tailrec) simplify :: "real \<Rightarrow> real"
   475   where
   476 "simplify t_t = (
   477   (Repeat(
   478     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''ordne_alphabetisch'')) #>
   479     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''fasse_zusammen'')) #>
   480     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''verschoenere'')))
   481   ) t_t)"
   482 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_mets
   483     [Specify.prep_met thy "met_simp_poly_minus" [] Spec.e_metID
   484 	    (["simplification","for_polynomials","with_minus"],
   485 	      [("#Given" ,["Term t_t"]),
   486 	        ("#Where" ,["t_t is_polyexp",
   487 	            "Not (matchsub (?a + (?b + ?c)) t_t | " ^
   488 	            "     matchsub (?a + (?b - ?c)) t_t | " ^
   489 	            "     matchsub (?a - (?b + ?c)) t_t | " ^
   490 	            "     matchsub (?a + (?b - ?c)) t_t )"]),
   491 	        ("#Find"  ,["normalform n_n"])],
   492 	      {rew_ord'="tless_true", rls' = Rule_Set.empty, calc = [], srls = Rule_Set.empty,
   493 	        prls = Rule_Set.append_rules "prls_met_simp_poly_minus" Rule_Set.empty 
   494 				      [Rule.Eval ("Poly.is'_polyexp", eval_is_polyexp ""),
   495 				        Rule.Eval ("Prog_Expr.matchsub", Prog_Expr.eval_matchsub ""),
   496 				        Rule.Thm ("and_true",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm and_true}),
   497                 (*"(?a & True) = ?a"*)
   498                 Rule.Thm ("and_false",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm and_false}),
   499                 (*"(?a & False) = False"*)
   500                 Rule.Thm ("not_true",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm not_true}),
   501                 (*"(~ True) = False"*)
   502                 Rule.Thm ("not_false",ThmC.numerals_to_Free @{thm not_false})
   503                 (*"(~ False) = True"*)],
   504           crls = Rule_Set.empty, errpats = [], nrls = rls_p_33},
   505           @{thm simplify.simps})]
   506 \<close>
   507 
   508 partial_function (tailrec) simplify2 :: "real \<Rightarrow> real"
   509   where
   510 "simplify2 t_t = (
   511   (Repeat(
   512     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''klammern_aufloesen'')) #>
   513     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''ordne_alphabetisch'')) #>
   514     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''fasse_zusammen'')) #>
   515     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''verschoenere'')))
   516   ) t_t)"
   517 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_mets
   518     [Specify.prep_met thy "met_simp_poly_parenth" [] Spec.e_metID
   519 	    (["simplification","for_polynomials","with_parentheses"],
   520 	      [("#Given" ,["Term t_t"]),
   521 	        ("#Where" ,["t_t is_polyexp"]),
   522 	        ("#Find"  ,["normalform n_n"])],
   523 	      {rew_ord'="tless_true", rls' = Rule_Set.empty, calc = [], srls = Rule_Set.empty, 
   524 	        prls = Rule_Set.append_rules "simplification_for_polynomials_prls" Rule_Set.empty 
   525 				    [(*for preds in where_*) Rule.Eval("Poly.is'_polyexp", eval_is_polyexp"")],
   526 				  crls = Rule_Set.empty, errpats = [], nrls = rls_p_34},
   527 				@{thm simplify2.simps})]
   528 \<close>
   529 
   530 partial_function (tailrec) simplify3 :: "real \<Rightarrow> real"
   531   where
   532 "simplify3 t_t = (
   533   (Repeat(
   534     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''klammern_ausmultiplizieren'')) #>
   535     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''discard_parentheses'')) #>
   536     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''ordne_monome'')) #>
   537     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''klammern_aufloesen'')) #>
   538     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''ordne_alphabetisch'')) #>
   539     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''fasse_zusammen'')) #>
   540     (Try (Rewrite_Set ''verschoenere'')))
   541   ) t_t)"
   542 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_mets
   543     [Specify.prep_met thy "met_simp_poly_parenth_mult" [] Spec.e_metID
   544 	    (["simplification","for_polynomials","with_parentheses_mult"],
   545 	      [("#Given" ,["Term t_t"]), ("#Where" ,["t_t is_polyexp"]), ("#Find"  ,["normalform n_n"])],
   546 	        {rew_ord'="tless_true", rls' = Rule_Set.empty, calc = [], srls = Rule_Set.empty, 
   547 	          prls = Rule_Set.append_rules "simplification_for_polynomials_prls" Rule_Set.empty 
   548 				      [(*for preds in where_*) Rule.Eval("Poly.is'_polyexp", eval_is_polyexp"")],
   549 				    crls = Rule_Set.empty, errpats = [], nrls = rls_p_34},
   550 				  @{thm simplify3.simps})]
   551 \<close>
   552 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_mets
   553     [Specify.prep_met thy "met_probe" [] Spec.e_metID
   554 	    (["probe"], [],
   555 	      {rew_ord'="tless_true", rls' = Rule_Set.empty, calc = [], srls = Rule_Set.empty, prls = Rule_Set.Empty, crls = Rule_Set.empty,
   556 	        errpats = [], nrls = Rule_Set.Empty}, 
   557 	      @{thm refl})]
   558 \<close>
   559 
   560 partial_function (tailrec) mache_probe :: "bool \<Rightarrow> bool list \<Rightarrow> bool"
   561   where
   562 "mache_probe e_e w_w = (
   563   let
   564      e_e = Take e_e;
   565      e_e = Substitute w_w e_e
   566   in (
   567     Repeat (
   568       (Try (Repeat (Calculate ''TIMES''))) #>
   569       (Try (Repeat (Calculate ''PLUS'' ))) #>
   570       (Try (Repeat (Calculate ''MINUS''))))
   571     ) e_e)"
   572 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_mets
   573     [Specify.prep_met thy "met_probe_poly" [] Spec.e_metID
   574 	    (["probe","fuer_polynom"],
   575 	      [("#Given" ,["Pruefe e_e", "mitWert w_w"]),
   576 	        ("#Where" ,["e_e is_polyexp"]),
   577 	        ("#Find"  ,["Geprueft p_p"])],
   578 	      {rew_ord'="tless_true", rls' = Rule_Set.empty, calc = [], srls = Rule_Set.empty, 
   579 	        prls = Rule_Set.append_rules "prls_met_probe_bruch" Rule_Set.empty
   580 	            [(*for preds in where_*) Rule.Eval ("Rational.is'_ratpolyexp", eval_is_ratpolyexp "")], 
   581 	        crls = Rule_Set.empty, errpats = [], nrls = rechnen}, 
   582 	      @{thm mache_probe.simps})]
   583 \<close>
   584 setup \<open>KEStore_Elems.add_mets
   585     [Specify.prep_met thy "met_probe_bruch" [] Spec.e_metID
   586 	    (["probe","fuer_bruch"],
   587 	      [("#Given" ,["Pruefe e_e", "mitWert w_w"]),
   588 	        ("#Where" ,["e_e is_ratpolyexp"]),
   589 	        ("#Find"  ,["Geprueft p_p"])],
   590 	      {rew_ord'="tless_true", rls' = Rule_Set.empty, calc = [], srls = Rule_Set.empty, 
   591 	        prls = Rule_Set.append_rules "prls_met_probe_bruch" Rule_Set.empty
   592 	            [(*for preds in where_*) Rule.Eval ("Rational.is'_ratpolyexp", eval_is_ratpolyexp "")], 
   593 	        crls = Rule_Set.empty, errpats = [], nrls = Rule_Set.Empty}, 
   594 	      @{thm refl})]
   595 \<close>
   596 
   597 end
   598